first cut at optimizing

R=r
OCL=19564
CL=19564

src/cmd/6g/Makefile

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ HFILES=\
 	../gc/go.h\
 	../6l/6.out.h\
 	gg.h\
+	opt.h\
 
 OFILES=\
 	list.$O\
@@ -19,6 +20,9 @@ OFILES=\
 	cgen.$O\
 	gsubr.$O\
 	obj.$O\
+	peep.$O\
+	reg.$O\
+	bits.$O\
 	../6l/enam.$O\
 
 LIB=\

src/cmd/6g/bits.c

+// Inferno utils/cc/bits.c
+// http://code.google.com/p/inferno-os/source/browse/utils/cc/bits.c
+//
+//	Copyright © 1994-1999 Lucent Technologies Inc.  All rights reserved.
+//	Portions Copyright © 1995-1997 C H Forsyth (forsyth@terzarima.net)
+//	Portions Copyright © 1997-1999 Vita Nuova Limited
+//	Portions Copyright © 2000-2007 Vita Nuova Holdings Limited (www.vitanuova.com)
+//	Portions Copyright © 2004,2006 Bruce Ellis
+//	Portions Copyright © 2005-2007 C H Forsyth (forsyth@terzarima.net)
+//	Revisions Copyright © 2000-2007 Lucent Technologies Inc. and others
+//	Portions Copyright © 2009 The Go Authors.  All rights reserved.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+// THE SOFTWARE.
+
+#include "gg.h"
+#include "opt.h"
+
+Bits
+bor(Bits a, Bits b)
+{
+	Bits c;
+	int i;
+
+	for(i=0; i<BITS; i++)
+		c.b[i] = a.b[i] | b.b[i];
+	return c;
+}
+
+Bits
+band(Bits a, Bits b)
+{
+	Bits c;
+	int i;
+
+	for(i=0; i<BITS; i++)
+		c.b[i] = a.b[i] & b.b[i];
+	return c;
+}
+
+/*
+Bits
+bnot(Bits a)
+{
+	Bits c;
+	int i;
+
+	for(i=0; i<BITS; i++)
+		c.b[i] = ~a.b[i];
+	return c;
+}
+*/
+
+int
+bany(Bits *a)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for(i=0; i<BITS; i++)
+		if(a->b[i])
+			return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
+beq(Bits a, Bits b)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for(i=0; i<BITS; i++)
+		if(a.b[i] != b.b[i])
+			return 0;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int
+bnum(Bits a)
+{
+	int i;
+	int32 b;
+
+	for(i=0; i<BITS; i++)
+		if(b = a.b[i])
+			return 32*i + bitno(b);
+	fatal("bad in bnum");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+Bits
+blsh(uint n)
+{
+	Bits c;
+
+	c = zbits;
+	c.b[n/32] = 1L << (n%32);
+	return c;
+}
+
+int
+bset(Bits a, uint n)
+{
+	if(a.b[n/32] & (1L << (n%32)))
+		return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
+bitno(int32 b)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for(i=0; i<32; i++)
+		if(b & (1L<<i))
+			return i;
+	fatal("bad in bitno");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
+Qconv(Fmt *fp)
+{
+	char str[STRINGSZ], ss[STRINGSZ], *s;
+	Bits bits;
+	int i;
+
+	str[0] = 0;
+	bits = va_arg(fp->args, Bits);
+	while(bany(&bits)) {
+		i = bnum(bits);
+		if(str[0])
+			strcat(str, " ");
+		if(var[i].sym == S) {
+			sprint(ss, "$%lld", var[i].offset);
+			s = ss;
+		} else
+			s = var[i].sym->name;
+		if(strlen(str) + strlen(s) + 1 >= STRINGSZ)
+			break;
+		strcat(str, s);
+		bits.b[i/32] &= ~(1L << (i%32));
+	}
+	return fmtstrcpy(fp, str);
+}

src/cmd/6g/gen.c

@@ -99,10 +99,9 @@ if(throwreturn == N) {
 	pc->as = ARET;	// overwrite AEND
 	pc->lineno = lineno;
 
-//	if(debug['N']) {
-//		regopt(ptxt);
-//		debug['N'] = 0;
-//	}
+	if(debug['N']) {
+		regopt(ptxt);
+	}
 
 	// fill in argument size
 	ptxt->to.offset = rnd(curfn->type->argwid, maxround);

src/cmd/6g/gg.h

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ struct	Prog
 	Addr	from;		// src address
 	Addr	to;		// dst address
 	Prog*	link;		// next instruction in this func
+	void*	reg;		// pointer to containing Reg struct
 };
 #define	P	((Prog*)0)
 
@@ -102,7 +103,6 @@ EXTERN	Pool*	poolast;
 EXTERN	Biobuf*	bout;
 EXTERN	int32	dynloc;
 EXTERN	uchar	reg[D_NONE];
-EXTERN	ushort	txt[NTYPE*NTYPE];
 EXTERN	int32	maxround;
 EXTERN	int32	widthptr;
 EXTERN	Sym*	symstringo;	// string objects

src/cmd/6g/gsubr.c

@@ -829,76 +829,6 @@ gmove(Node *f, Node *t)
 	gins(a, f, t);
 }
 
-void
-buildtxt(void)
-{
-	Type t1, t2;
-	int i, j, a;
-
-	memset(&t1, 0, sizeof(t1));
-	memset(&t2, 0, sizeof(t2));
-
-	for(i=0; i<NTYPE; i++)
-	for(j=0; j<NTYPE; j++) {
-		a = AGOK;
-		txt[i*NTYPE+j] = a;
-		t1.etype = i;
-		t2.etype = j;
-
-		if(isint[i] || isptr[i] || i==TBOOL) {
-			if(isint[j] || isptr[j] || j==TBOOL) {
-				dowidth(&t1);
-				dowidth(&t2);
-				if(t1.width >= t2.width) {
-					a = AMOVL;
-					if(t1.width >= 8)
-						a = AMOVQ;
-					txt[i*NTYPE+j] = a;
-					continue;
-				}
-				switch(i) {
-				case TINT8:
-					a = AMOVBLSX;
-					if(t1.width >= 8)
-						a = AMOVBQSX;
-					break;
-				case TINT16:
-					a = AMOVWLSX;
-					if(t1.width >= 8)
-						a = AMOVWQSX;
-					break;
-				case TINT32:
-					a = AMOVLQSX;
-					break;
-				case TBOOL:
-				case TUINT8:
-					a = AMOVBLZX;
-					if(t1.width >= 8)
-						a = AMOVBQZX;
-					break;
-				case TUINT16:
-					a = AMOVWLZX;
-					if(t1.width >= 8)
-						a = AMOVLQZX;
-					break;
-				case TPTR32:
-				case TUINT32:
-					a = AMOVWQZX;
-					break;
-				}
-				txt[i*NTYPE+j] = a;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if(isfloat[j]) {
-			}
-		}
-		if(isint[j] || isptr[j] || j==TBOOL) {
-			if(isfloat[i]) {
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
 void
 regsalloc(Node *f, Type *t)
 {
@@ -1000,7 +930,9 @@ naddr(Node *n, Addr *a)
 		break;
 
 	case ONAME:
-		a->etype = n->etype;
+		a->etype = 0;
+		if(n->type != T)
+			a->etype = n->type->etype;
 		a->offset = n->xoffset;
 		a->sym = n->sym;
 		if(a->sym == S)

src/cmd/6g/obj.c

@@ -90,6 +90,15 @@ dumpobj(void)
 	}
 	sym = 1;
 
+	// fix up pc
+	pcloc = 0;
+	for(pl=plist; pl!=nil; pl=pl->link) {
+		for(p=pl->firstpc; p!=P; p=p->link) {
+			p->loc = pcloc;
+			pcloc++;
+		}
+	}
+
 	// put out functions
 	for(pl=plist; pl!=nil; pl=pl->link) {
 
@@ -204,8 +213,13 @@ zaddr(Biobuf *b, Addr *a, int s)
 		t |= T_SYM;
 
 	switch(a->type) {
+
+	case D_BRANCH:
+		a->offset = a->branch->loc;
+
 	default:
 		t |= T_TYPE;
+
 	case D_NONE:
 		if(a->offset != 0) {
 			t |= T_OFFSET;

src/cmd/6g/opt.h

+// Derived from Inferno utils/6c/gc.h
+// http://code.google.com/p/inferno-os/source/browse/utils/6c/gc.h
+//
+//	Copyright © 1994-1999 Lucent Technologies Inc.  All rights reserved.
+//	Portions Copyright © 1995-1997 C H Forsyth (forsyth@terzarima.net)
+//	Portions Copyright © 1997-1999 Vita Nuova Limited
+//	Portions Copyright © 2000-2007 Vita Nuova Holdings Limited (www.vitanuova.com)
+//	Portions Copyright © 2004,2006 Bruce Ellis
+//	Portions Copyright © 2005-2007 C H Forsyth (forsyth@terzarima.net)
+//	Revisions Copyright © 2000-2007 Lucent Technologies Inc. and others
+//	Portions Copyright © 2009 The Go Authors.  All rights reserved.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+// THE SOFTWARE.
+
+
+#define	Z	N
+#define	Adr	Addr
+
+#define	BITS	5
+#define	NVAR	(BITS*sizeof(uint32)*8)
+
+#define	D_HI	D_NONE
+#define	D_LO	D_NONE
+
+#define	isregtype(t)	((t)>= D_AX && (t)<=D_R15)
+
+#define	BLOAD(r)	band(bnot(r->refbehind), r->refahead)
+#define	BSTORE(r)	band(bnot(r->calbehind), r->calahead)
+#define	LOAD(r)		(~r->refbehind.b[z] & r->refahead.b[z])
+#define	STORE(r)	(~r->calbehind.b[z] & r->calahead.b[z])
+
+#define	CLOAD	5
+#define	CREF	5
+#define	CINF	1000
+#define	LOOP	3
+
+typedef	struct	Bits	Bits;
+typedef	struct	Reg	Reg;
+typedef	struct	Var	Var;
+typedef	struct	Rgn	Rgn;
+
+struct	Bits
+{
+	uint32	b[BITS];
+};
+
+
+struct	Reg
+{
+
+	Bits	set;
+	Bits	use1;
+	Bits	use2;
+
+	Bits	refbehind;
+	Bits	refahead;
+	Bits	calbehind;
+	Bits	calahead;
+	Bits	regdiff;
+	Bits	act;
+
+	int32	regu;
+	int32	loop;		/* could be shorter */
+	int32	rpo;		/* reverse post ordering */
+	int32	active;
+
+//	uint32	magic;
+//	int32	pc;
+//	Reg*	log5;
+
+	Reg*	p1;
+	Reg*	p2;
+	Reg*	p2link;
+	Reg*	s1;
+	Reg*	s2;
+	Reg*	link;
+	Prog*	prog;
+};
+#define	R	((Reg*)0)
+
+struct	Var
+{
+	vlong	offset;
+	Sym*	sym;
+	char	name;
+	char	etype;
+};
+
+#define	NRGN	600
+struct	Rgn
+{
+	Reg*	enter;
+	short	cost;
+	short	varno;
+	short	regno;
+};
+
+
+EXTERN	int32	exregoffset;		// not set
+EXTERN	int32	exfregoffset;		// not set
+EXTERN	Reg*	firstr;
+EXTERN	Reg*	lastr;
+EXTERN	Reg	zreg;
+EXTERN	Reg*	freer;
+EXTERN	Var	var[NVAR];
+EXTERN	Reg**	rpo2r;
+EXTERN	Rgn	region[NRGN];
+EXTERN	Rgn*	rgp;
+EXTERN	int	nregion;
+EXTERN	int	nvar;
+EXTERN	int32	regbits;
+EXTERN	int32	exregbits;
+EXTERN	Bits	externs;
+EXTERN	Bits	params;
+EXTERN	Bits	consts;
+EXTERN	Bits	addrs;
+EXTERN	int	change;
+EXTERN	Bits	zbits;
+EXTERN	uchar	typechlpfd[NTYPE];	// botch
+EXTERN	uchar	typev[NTYPE];		// botch
+EXTERN	int32	maxnr;
+EXTERN	int32*	idom;
+
+/*
+ * bits.c
+ */
+Bits	bor(Bits, Bits);
+Bits	band(Bits, Bits);
+Bits	bnot(Bits);
+int	bany(Bits*);
+int	bnum(Bits);
+Bits	blsh(uint);
+int	beq(Bits, Bits);
+int	bset(Bits, uint);
+int	Qconv(Fmt *fp);
+
+/*
+ * reg.c
+ */
+Reg*	rega(void);
+int	rcmp(const void*, const void*);
+void	regopt(Prog*);
+void	addmove(Reg*, int, int, int);
+Bits	mkvar(Reg*, Adr*);
+void	prop(Reg*, Bits, Bits);
+void	loopit(Reg*, int32);
+void	synch(Reg*, Bits);
+uint32	allreg(uint32, Rgn*);
+void	paint1(Reg*, int);
+uint32	paint2(Reg*, int);
+void	paint3(Reg*, int, int32, int);
+void	addreg(Adr*, int);
+
+/*
+ * peep.c
+ */
+void	peep(void);
+void	excise(Reg*);
+Reg*	uniqp(Reg*);
+Reg*	uniqs(Reg*);
+int	regtyp(Adr*);
+int	anyvar(Adr*);
+int	subprop(Reg*);
+int	copyprop(Reg*);
+int	copy1(Adr*, Adr*, Reg*, int);
+int	copyu(Prog*, Adr*, Adr*);
+
+int	copyas(Adr*, Adr*);
+int	copyau(Adr*, Adr*);
+int	copysub(Adr*, Adr*, Adr*, int);
+int	copysub1(Prog*, Adr*, Adr*, int);
+
+int32	RtoB(int);
+int32	FtoB(int);
+int	BtoR(int32);
+int	BtoF(int32);

src/cmd/6g/peep.c

+// Derived from Inferno utils/6c/peep.c
+// http://code.google.com/p/inferno-os/source/browse/utils/6c/peep.c
+//
+//	Copyright © 1994-1999 Lucent Technologies Inc.  All rights reserved.
+//	Portions Copyright © 1995-1997 C H Forsyth (forsyth@terzarima.net)
+//	Portions Copyright © 1997-1999 Vita Nuova Limited
+//	Portions Copyright © 2000-2007 Vita Nuova Holdings Limited (www.vitanuova.com)
+//	Portions Copyright © 2004,2006 Bruce Ellis
+//	Portions Copyright © 2005-2007 C H Forsyth (forsyth@terzarima.net)
+//	Revisions Copyright © 2000-2007 Lucent Technologies Inc. and others
+//	Portions Copyright © 2009 The Go Authors.  All rights reserved.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+// THE SOFTWARE.
+
+#include "gg.h"
+#include "opt.h"
+
+static int
+needc(Prog *p)
+{
+	while(p != P) {
+		switch(p->as) {
+		case AADCL:
+		case AADCQ:
+		case ASBBL:
+		case ASBBQ:
+		case ARCRL:
+		case ARCRQ:
+			return 1;
+		case AADDL:
+		case AADDQ:
+		case ASUBL:
+		case ASUBQ:
+		case AJMP:
+		case ARET:
+		case ACALL:
+			return 0;
+		default:
+			if(p->to.type == D_BRANCH)
+				return 0;
+		}
+		p = p->link;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static Reg*
+rnops(Reg *r)
+{
+	Prog *p;
+	Reg *r1;
+
+	if(r != R)
+	for(;;){
+		p = r->prog;
+		if(p->as != ANOP || p->from.type != D_NONE || p->to.type != D_NONE)
+			break;
+		r1 = uniqs(r);
+		if(r1 == R)
+			break;
+		r = r1;
+	}
+	return r;
+}
+
+void
+peep(void)
+{
+	Reg *r, *r1, *r2;
+	Prog *p, *p1;
+	int t;
+
+	/*
+	 * complete R structure
+	 */
+	t = 0;
+	for(r=firstr; r!=R; r=r1) {
+		r1 = r->link;
+		if(r1 == R)
+			break;
+		p = r->prog->link;
+		while(p != r1->prog)
+		switch(p->as) {
+		default:
+			r2 = rega();
+			r->link = r2;
+			r2->link = r1;
+
+			r2->prog = p;
+			r2->p1 = r;
+			r->s1 = r2;
+			r2->s1 = r1;
+			r1->p1 = r2;
+
+			r = r2;
+			t++;
+
+		case ADATA:
+		case AGLOBL:
+		case ANAME:
+		case ASIGNAME:
+			p = p->link;
+		}
+	}
+
+	pc = 0;	/* speculating it won't kill */
+
+loop1:
+
+	t = 0;
+	for(r=firstr; r!=R; r=r->link) {
+		p = r->prog;
+		switch(p->as) {
+		case AMOVL:
+		case AMOVQ:
+		case AMOVSS:
+		case AMOVSD:
+			if(regtyp(&p->to))
+			if(regtyp(&p->from)) {
+				if(copyprop(r)) {
+					excise(r);
+					t++;
+				} else
+				if(subprop(r) && copyprop(r)) {
+					excise(r);
+					t++;
+				}
+			}
+			break;
+
+		case AMOVBLZX:
+		case AMOVWLZX:
+		case AMOVBLSX:
+		case AMOVWLSX:
+			if(regtyp(&p->to)) {
+				r1 = rnops(uniqs(r));
+				if(r1 != R) {
+					p1 = r1->prog;
+					if(p->as == p1->as && p->to.type == p1->from.type){
+						p1->as = AMOVL;
+						t++;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			break;
+
+		case AMOVBQSX:
+		case AMOVBQZX:
+		case AMOVWQSX:
+		case AMOVWQZX:
+		case AMOVLQSX:
+		case AMOVLQZX:
+			if(regtyp(&p->to)) {
+				r1 = rnops(uniqs(r));
+				if(r1 != R) {
+					p1 = r1->prog;
+					if(p->as == p1->as && p->to.type == p1->from.type){
+						p1->as = AMOVQ;
+						t++;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			break;
+
+		case AADDL:
+		case AADDQ:
+		case AADDW:
+			if(p->from.type != D_CONST || needc(p->link))
+				break;
+			if(p->from.offset == -1){
+				if(p->as == AADDQ)
+					p->as = ADECQ;
+				else if(p->as == AADDL)
+					p->as = ADECL;
+				else
+					p->as = ADECW;
+				p->from = zprog.from;
+			}
+			else if(p->from.offset == 1){
+				if(p->as == AADDQ)
+					p->as = AINCQ;
+				else if(p->as == AADDL)
+					p->as = AINCL;
+				else
+					p->as = AINCW;
+				p->from = zprog.from;
+			}
+			break;
+
+		case ASUBL:
+		case ASUBQ:
+		case ASUBW:
+			if(p->from.type != D_CONST || needc(p->link))
+				break;
+			if(p->from.offset == -1) {
+				if(p->as == ASUBQ)
+					p->as = AINCQ;
+				else if(p->as == ASUBL)
+					p->as = AINCL;
+				else
+					p->as = AINCW;
+				p->from = zprog.from;
+			}
+			else if(p->from.offset == 1){
+				if(p->as == ASUBQ)
+					p->as = ADECQ;
+				else if(p->as == ASUBL)
+					p->as = ADECL;
+				else
+					p->as = ADECW;
+				p->from = zprog.from;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	if(t)
+		goto loop1;
+}
+
+void
+excise(Reg *r)
+{
+	Prog *p;
+
+	p = r->prog;
+	p->as = ANOP;
+	p->from = zprog.from;
+	p->to = zprog.to;
+}
+
+Reg*
+uniqp(Reg *r)
+{
+	Reg *r1;
+
+	r1 = r->p1;
+	if(r1 == R) {
+		r1 = r->p2;
+		if(r1 == R || r1->p2link != R)
+			return R;
+	} else
+		if(r->p2 != R)
+			return R;
+	return r1;
+}
+
+Reg*
+uniqs(Reg *r)
+{
+	Reg *r1;
+
+	r1 = r->s1;
+	if(r1 == R) {
+		r1 = r->s2;
+		if(r1 == R)
+			return R;
+	} else
+		if(r->s2 != R)
+			return R;
+	return r1;
+}
+
+int
+regtyp(Adr *a)
+{
+	int t;
+
+	t = a->type;
+	if(t >= D_AX && t <= D_R15)
+		return 1;
+	if(t >= D_X0 && t <= D_X0+15)
+		return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * the idea is to substitute
+ * one register for another
+ * from one MOV to another
+ *	MOV	a, R0
+ *	ADD	b, R0	/ no use of R1
+ *	MOV	R0, R1
+ * would be converted to
+ *	MOV	a, R1
+ *	ADD	b, R1
+ *	MOV	R1, R0
+ * hopefully, then the former or latter MOV
+ * will be eliminated by copy propagation.
+ */
+int
+subprop(Reg *r0)
+{
+	Prog *p;
+	Adr *v1, *v2;
+	Reg *r;
+	int t;
+
+	p = r0->prog;
+	v1 = &p->from;
+	if(!regtyp(v1))
+		return 0;
+	v2 = &p->to;
+	if(!regtyp(v2))
+		return 0;
+	for(r=uniqp(r0); r!=R; r=uniqp(r)) {
+		if(uniqs(r) == R)
+			break;
+		p = r->prog;
+		switch(p->as) {
+		case ACALL:
+			return 0;
+
+		case AIMULL:
+		case AIMULQ:
+		case AIMULW:
+			if(p->to.type != D_NONE)
+				break;
+
+		case ADIVB:
+		case ADIVL:
+		case ADIVQ:
+		case ADIVW:
+		case AIDIVB:
+		case AIDIVL:
+		case AIDIVQ:
+		case AIDIVW:
+		case AIMULB:
+		case AMULB:
+		case AMULL:
+		case AMULQ:
+		case AMULW:
+
+		case AROLB:
+		case AROLL:
+		case AROLQ:
+		case AROLW:
+		case ARORB:
+		case ARORL:
+		case ARORQ:
+		case ARORW:
+		case ASALB:
+		case ASALL:
+		case ASALQ:
+		case ASALW:
+		case ASARB:
+		case ASARL:
+		case ASARQ:
+		case ASARW:
+		case ASHLB:
+		case ASHLL:
+		case ASHLQ:
+		case ASHLW:
+		case ASHRB:
+		case ASHRL:
+		case ASHRQ:
+		case ASHRW:
+
+		case AREP:
+		case AREPN:
+
+		case ACWD:
+		case ACDQ:
+		case ACQO:
+
+		case AMOVSL:
+		case AMOVSQ:
+			return 0;
+
+		case AMOVL:
+		case AMOVQ:
+			if(p->to.type == v1->type)
+				goto gotit;
+			break;
+		}
+		if(copyau(&p->from, v2) ||
+		   copyau(&p->to, v2))
+			break;
+		if(copysub(&p->from, v1, v2, 0) ||
+		   copysub(&p->to, v1, v2, 0))
+			break;
+	}
+	return 0;
+
+gotit:
+	copysub(&p->to, v1, v2, 1);
+	if(debug['P']) {
+		print("gotit: %D->%D\n%P", v1, v2, r->prog);
+		if(p->from.type == v2->type)
+			print(" excise");
+		print("\n");
+	}
+	for(r=uniqs(r); r!=r0; r=uniqs(r)) {
+		p = r->prog;
+		copysub(&p->from, v1, v2, 1);
+		copysub(&p->to, v1, v2, 1);
+		if(debug['P'])
+			print("%P\n", r->prog);
+	}
+	t = v1->type;
+	v1->type = v2->type;
+	v2->type = t;
+	if(debug['P'])
+		print("%P last\n", r->prog);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * The idea is to remove redundant copies.
+ *	v1->v2	F=0
+ *	(use v2	s/v2/v1/)*
+ *	set v1	F=1
+ *	use v2	return fail
+ *	-----------------
+ *	v1->v2	F=0
+ *	(use v2	s/v2/v1/)*
+ *	set v1	F=1
+ *	set v2	return success
+ */
+int
+copyprop(Reg *r0)
+{
+	Prog *p;
+	Adr *v1, *v2;
+	Reg *r;
+
+	p = r0->prog;
+	v1 = &p->from;
+	v2 = &p->to;
+	if(copyas(v1, v2))
+		return 1;
+	for(r=firstr; r!=R; r=r->link)
+		r->active = 0;
+	return copy1(v1, v2, r0->s1, 0);
+}
+
+int
+copy1(Adr *v1, Adr *v2, Reg *r, int f)
+{
+	int t;
+	Prog *p;
+
+	if(r->active) {
+		if(debug['P'])
+			print("act set; return 1\n");
+		return 1;
+	}
+	r->active = 1;
+	if(debug['P'])
+		print("copy %D->%D f=%d\n", v1, v2, f);
+	for(; r != R; r = r->s1) {
+		p = r->prog;
+		if(debug['P'])
+			print("%P", p);
+		if(!f && uniqp(r) == R) {
+			f = 1;
+			if(debug['P'])
+				print("; merge; f=%d", f);
+		}
+		t = copyu(p, v2, A);
+		switch(t) {
+		case 2:	/* rar, cant split */
+			if(debug['P'])
+				print("; %D rar; return 0\n", v2);
+			return 0;
+
+		case 3:	/* set */
+			if(debug['P'])
+				print("; %D set; return 1\n", v2);
+			return 1;
+
+		case 1:	/* used, substitute */
+		case 4:	/* use and set */
+			if(f) {
+				if(!debug['P'])
+					return 0;
+				if(t == 4)
+					print("; %D used+set and f=%d; return 0\n", v2, f);
+				else
+					print("; %D used and f=%d; return 0\n", v2, f);
+				return 0;
+			}
+			if(copyu(p, v2, v1)) {
+				if(debug['P'])
+					print("; sub fail; return 0\n");
+				return 0;
+			}
+			if(debug['P'])
+				print("; sub %D/%D", v2, v1);
+			if(t == 4) {
+				if(debug['P'])
+					print("; %D used+set; return 1\n", v2);
+				return 1;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+		if(!f) {
+			t = copyu(p, v1, A);
+			if(!f && (t == 2 || t == 3 || t == 4)) {
+				f = 1;
+				if(debug['P'])
+					print("; %D set and !f; f=%d", v1, f);
+			}
+		}
+		if(debug['P'])
+			print("\n");
+		if(r->s2)
+			if(!copy1(v1, v2, r->s2, f))
+				return 0;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * return
+ * 1 if v only used (and substitute),
+ * 2 if read-alter-rewrite
+ * 3 if set
+ * 4 if set and used
+ * 0 otherwise (not touched)
+ */
+int
+copyu(Prog *p, Adr *v, Adr *s)
+{
+
+	switch(p->as) {
+
+	default:
+		if(debug['P'])
+			print("unknown op %A\n", p->as);
+		/* SBBL; ADCL; FLD1; SAHF */
+		return 2;
+
+
+	case ANEGB:
+	case ANEGW:
+	case ANEGL:
+	case ANEGQ:
+	case ANOTB:
+	case ANOTW:
+	case ANOTL:
+	case ANOTQ:
+		if(copyas(&p->to, v))
+			return 2;
+		break;
+
+	case ALEAL:	/* lhs addr, rhs store */
+	case ALEAQ:
+		if(copyas(&p->from, v))
+			return 2;
+
+
+	case ANOP:	/* rhs store */
+	case AMOVL:
+	case AMOVQ:
+	case AMOVBLSX:
+	case AMOVBLZX:
+	case AMOVBQSX:
+	case AMOVBQZX:
+	case AMOVLQSX:
+	case AMOVLQZX:
+	case AMOVWLSX:
+	case AMOVWLZX:
+	case AMOVWQSX:
+	case AMOVWQZX:
+
+	case AMOVSS:
+	case AMOVSD:
+	case ACVTSD2SL:
+	case ACVTSD2SQ:
+	case ACVTSD2SS:
+	case ACVTSL2SD:
+	case ACVTSL2SS:
+	case ACVTSQ2SD:
+	case ACVTSQ2SS:
+	case ACVTSS2SD:
+	case ACVTSS2SL:
+	case ACVTSS2SQ:
+	case ACVTTSD2SL:
+	case ACVTTSD2SQ:
+	case ACVTTSS2SL:
+	case ACVTTSS2SQ:
+		if(copyas(&p->to, v)) {
+			if(s != A)
+				return copysub(&p->from, v, s, 1);
+			if(copyau(&p->from, v))
+				return 4;
+			return 3;
+		}
+		goto caseread;
+
+	case AROLB:
+	case AROLL:
+	case AROLQ:
+	case AROLW:
+	case ARORB:
+	case ARORL:
+	case ARORQ:
+	case ARORW:
+	case ASALB:
+	case ASALL:
+	case ASALQ:
+	case ASALW:
+	case ASARB:
+	case ASARL:
+	case ASARQ:
+	case ASARW:
+	case ASHLB:
+	case ASHLL:
+	case ASHLQ:
+	case ASHLW:
+	case ASHRB:
+	case ASHRL:
+	case ASHRQ:
+	case ASHRW:
+		if(copyas(&p->to, v))
+			return 2;
+		if(copyas(&p->from, v))
+			if(p->from.type == D_CX)
+				return 2;
+		goto caseread;
+
+	case AADDB:	/* rhs rar */
+	case AADDL:
+	case AADDQ:
+	case AADDW:
+	case AANDB:
+	case AANDL:
+	case AANDQ:
+	case AANDW:
+	case ADECL:
+	case ADECQ:
+	case ADECW:
+	case AINCL:
+	case AINCQ:
+	case AINCW:
+	case ASUBB:
+	case ASUBL:
+	case ASUBQ:
+	case ASUBW:
+	case AORB:
+	case AORL:
+	case AORQ:
+	case AORW:
+	case AXORB:
+	case AXORL:
+	case AXORQ:
+	case AXORW:
+	case AMOVB:
+	case AMOVW:
+
+	case AADDSD:
+	case AADDSS:
+	case ACMPSD:
+	case ACMPSS:
+	case ADIVSD:
+	case ADIVSS:
+	case AMAXSD:
+	case AMAXSS:
+	case AMINSD:
+	case AMINSS:
+	case AMULSD:
+	case AMULSS:
+	case ARCPSS:
+	case ARSQRTSS:
+	case ASQRTSD:
+	case ASQRTSS:
+	case ASUBSD:
+	case ASUBSS:
+	case AXORPD:
+		if(copyas(&p->to, v))
+			return 2;
+		goto caseread;
+
+	case ACMPL:	/* read only */
+	case ACMPW:
+	case ACMPB:
+	case ACMPQ:
+
+	case ACOMISD:
+	case ACOMISS:
+	case AUCOMISD:
+	case AUCOMISS:
+	caseread:
+		if(s != A) {
+			if(copysub(&p->from, v, s, 1))
+				return 1;
+			return copysub(&p->to, v, s, 1);
+		}
+		if(copyau(&p->from, v))
+			return 1;
+		if(copyau(&p->to, v))
+			return 1;
+		break;
+
+	case AJGE:	/* no reference */
+	case AJNE:
+	case AJLE:
+	case AJEQ:
+	case AJHI:
+	case AJLS:
+	case AJMI:
+	case AJPL:
+	case AJGT:
+	case AJLT:
+	case AJCC:
+	case AJCS:
+
+	case AADJSP:
+	case AWAIT:
+	case ACLD:
+		break;
+
+	case AIMULL:
+	case AIMULQ:
+	case AIMULW:
+		if(p->to.type != D_NONE) {
+			if(copyas(&p->to, v))
+				return 2;
+			goto caseread;
+		}
+
+	case ADIVB:
+	case ADIVL:
+	case ADIVQ:
+	case ADIVW:
+	case AIDIVB:
+	case AIDIVL:
+	case AIDIVQ:
+	case AIDIVW:
+	case AIMULB:
+	case AMULB:
+	case AMULL:
+	case AMULQ:
+	case AMULW:
+
+	case ACWD:
+	case ACDQ:
+	case ACQO:
+		if(v->type == D_AX || v->type == D_DX)
+			return 2;
+		goto caseread;
+
+	case AMOVSL:
+	case AMOVSQ:
+	case AREP:
+	case AREPN:
+		if(v->type == D_CX || v->type == D_DI || v->type == D_SI)
+			return 2;
+		goto caseread;
+
+	case AJMP:	/* funny */
+		if(s != A) {
+			if(copysub(&p->to, v, s, 1))
+				return 1;
+			return 0;
+		}
+		if(copyau(&p->to, v))
+			return 1;
+		return 0;
+
+	case ARET:	/* funny */
+		if(v->type == REGRET || v->type == FREGRET)
+			return 2;
+		if(s != A)
+			return 1;
+		return 3;
+
+	case ACALL:	/* funny */
+		if(REGEXT && v->type <= REGEXT && v->type > exregoffset)
+			return 2;
+		if(REGARG && v->type == REGARG)
+			return 2;
+
+		if(s != A) {
+			if(copysub(&p->to, v, s, 1))
+				return 1;
+			return 0;
+		}
+		if(copyau(&p->to, v))
+			return 4;
+		return 3;
+
+	case ATEXT:	/* funny */
+		if(REGARG && v->type == REGARG)
+			return 3;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * direct reference,
+ * could be set/use depending on
+ * semantics
+ */
+int
+copyas(Adr *a, Adr *v)
+{
+	if(a->type != v->type)
+		return 0;
+	if(regtyp(v))
+		return 1;
+	if(v->type == D_AUTO || v->type == D_PARAM)
+		if(v->offset == a->offset)
+			return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * either direct or indirect
+ */
+int
+copyau(Adr *a, Adr *v)
+{
+
+	if(copyas(a, v))
+		return 1;
+	if(regtyp(v)) {
+		if(a->type-D_INDIR == v->type)
+			return 1;
+		if(a->index == v->type)
+			return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * substitute s for v in a
+ * return failure to substitute
+ */
+int
+copysub(Adr *a, Adr *v, Adr *s, int f)
+{
+	int t;
+
+	if(copyas(a, v)) {
+		t = s->type;
+		if(t >= D_AX && t <= D_R15 || t >= D_X0 && t <= D_X0+15) {
+			if(f)
+				a->type = t;
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if(regtyp(v)) {
+		t = v->type;
+		if(a->type == t+D_INDIR) {
+			if((s->type == D_BP || s->type == D_R13) && a->index != D_NONE)
+				return 1;	/* can't use BP-base with index */
+			if(f)
+				a->type = s->type+D_INDIR;
+//			return 0;
+		}
+		if(a->index == t) {
+			if(f)
+				a->index = s->type;
+			return 0;
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}

src/cmd/6g/reg.c

+// Derived from Inferno utils/6c/reg.c
+// http://code.google.com/p/inferno-os/source/browse/utils/6c/reg.c
+//
+//	Copyright © 1994-1999 Lucent Technologies Inc.  All rights reserved.
+//	Portions Copyright © 1995-1997 C H Forsyth (forsyth@terzarima.net)
+//	Portions Copyright © 1997-1999 Vita Nuova Limited
+//	Portions Copyright © 2000-2007 Vita Nuova Holdings Limited (www.vitanuova.com)
+//	Portions Copyright © 2004,2006 Bruce Ellis
+//	Portions Copyright © 2005-2007 C H Forsyth (forsyth@terzarima.net)
+//	Revisions Copyright © 2000-2007 Lucent Technologies Inc. and others
+//	Portions Copyright © 2009 The Go Authors.  All rights reserved.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+// THE SOFTWARE.
+
+#include "gg.h"
+#undef	EXTERN
+#define	EXTERN
+#include "opt.h"
+
+#define	P2R(p)	(Reg*)(p->reg)
+#define	MAGIC	0xb00fbabe
+
+static	first	= 1;
+static	void	dumpit(char *str, Reg *r0);
+static	int	noreturn(Prog *p);
+
+Reg*
+rega(void)
+{
+	Reg *r;
+
+	r = freer;
+	if(r == R) {
+		r = mal(sizeof(*r));
+	} else
+		freer = r->link;
+
+	*r = zreg;
+	return r;
+}
+
+int
+rcmp(const void *a1, const void *a2)
+{
+	Rgn *p1, *p2;
+	int c1, c2;
+
+	p1 = (Rgn*)a1;
+	p2 = (Rgn*)a2;
+	c1 = p2->cost;
+	c2 = p1->cost;
+	if(c1 -= c2)
+		return c1;
+	return p2->varno - p1->varno;
+}
+
+void
+regopt(Prog *firstp)
+{
+	Reg *r, *r1, *r2;
+	Prog *p1, *p;
+	int i, z, nr;
+	uint32 vreg;
+	Bits bit;
+
+	if(first) {
+		fmtinstall('Q', Qconv);
+		first = 0;
+	}
+
+	firstr = R;
+	lastr = R;
+	nvar = 0;
+	regbits = RtoB(D_SP);
+	for(z=0; z<BITS; z++) {
+		externs.b[z] = 0;
+		params.b[z] = 0;
+		consts.b[z] = 0;
+		addrs.b[z] = 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * pass 1
+	 * build aux data structure
+	 * allocate pcs
+	 * find use and set of variables
+	 */
+	nr = 0;
+	for(p=firstp; p!=P; p=p->link) {
+		switch(p->as) {
+		case ADATA:
+		case AGLOBL:
+		case ANAME:
+		case ASIGNAME:
+			continue;
+		}
+		r = rega();
+		nr++;
+		if(firstr == R) {
+			firstr = r;
+			lastr = r;
+		} else {
+			lastr->link = r;
+			r->p1 = lastr;
+			lastr->s1 = r;
+			lastr = r;
+		}
+		r->prog = p;
+		p->reg = r;
+
+		r1 = r->p1;
+		if(r1 != R) {
+			switch(r1->prog->as) {
+			case ARET:
+			case AJMP:
+			case AIRETL:
+			case AIRETQ:
+				r->p1 = R;
+				r1->s1 = R;
+			}
+		}
+
+		bit = mkvar(r, &p->from);
+		if(bany(&bit))
+		switch(p->as) {
+		/*
+		 * funny
+		 */
+		case ALEAL:
+		case ALEAQ:
+			for(z=0; z<BITS; z++)
+				addrs.b[z] |= bit.b[z];
+			break;
+
+		/*
+		 * left side read
+		 */
+		default:
+			for(z=0; z<BITS; z++)
+				r->use1.b[z] |= bit.b[z];
+			break;
+		}
+
+		bit = mkvar(r, &p->to);
+		if(bany(&bit))
+		switch(p->as) {
+		default:
+			yyerror("reg: unknown op: %A", p->as);
+			break;
+
+		/*
+		 * right side read
+		 */
+		case ACMPB:
+		case ACMPL:
+		case ACMPQ:
+		case ACMPW:
+		case ACOMISS:
+		case ACOMISD:
+		case AUCOMISS:
+		case AUCOMISD:
+			for(z=0; z<BITS; z++)
+				r->use2.b[z] |= bit.b[z];
+			break;
+
+		/*
+		 * right side write
+		 */
+		case ANOP:
+		case AMOVL:
+		case AMOVQ:
+		case AMOVB:
+		case AMOVW:
+		case AMOVBLSX:
+		case AMOVBLZX:
+		case AMOVBQSX:
+		case AMOVBQZX:
+		case AMOVLQSX:
+		case AMOVLQZX:
+		case AMOVWLSX:
+		case AMOVWLZX:
+		case AMOVWQSX:
+		case AMOVWQZX:
+
+		case AMOVSS:
+		case AMOVSD:
+		case ACVTSD2SL:
+		case ACVTSD2SQ:
+		case ACVTSD2SS:
+		case ACVTSL2SD:
+		case ACVTSL2SS:
+		case ACVTSQ2SD:
+		case ACVTSQ2SS:
+		case ACVTSS2SD:
+		case ACVTSS2SL:
+		case ACVTSS2SQ:
+		case ACVTTSD2SL:
+		case ACVTTSD2SQ:
+		case ACVTTSS2SL:
+		case ACVTTSS2SQ:
+			for(z=0; z<BITS; z++)
+				r->set.b[z] |= bit.b[z];
+			break;
+
+		/*
+		 * right side read+write
+		 */
+		case AADDB:
+		case AADDL:
+		case AADDQ:
+		case AADDW:
+		case AANDB:
+		case AANDL:
+		case AANDQ:
+		case AANDW:
+		case ASUBB:
+		case ASUBL:
+		case ASUBQ:
+		case ASUBW:
+		case AORB:
+		case AORL:
+		case AORQ:
+		case AORW:
+		case AXORB:
+		case AXORL:
+		case AXORQ:
+		case AXORW:
+		case ASALB:
+		case ASALL:
+		case ASALQ:
+		case ASALW:
+		case ASARB:
+		case ASARL:
+		case ASARQ:
+		case ASARW:
+		case AROLB:
+		case AROLL:
+		case AROLQ:
+		case AROLW:
+		case ARORB:
+		case ARORL:
+		case ARORQ:
+		case ARORW:
+		case ASHLB:
+		case ASHLL:
+		case ASHLQ:
+		case ASHLW:
+		case ASHRB:
+		case ASHRL:
+		case ASHRQ:
+		case ASHRW:
+		case AIMULL:
+		case AIMULQ:
+		case AIMULW:
+		case ANEGL:
+		case ANEGQ:
+		case ANOTL:
+		case ANOTQ:
+		case AADCL:
+		case AADCQ:
+		case ASBBL:
+		case ASBBQ:
+
+		case AADDSD:
+		case AADDSS:
+		case ACMPSD:
+		case ACMPSS:
+		case ADIVSD:
+		case ADIVSS:
+		case AMAXSD:
+		case AMAXSS:
+		case AMINSD:
+		case AMINSS:
+		case AMULSD:
+		case AMULSS:
+		case ARCPSS:
+		case ARSQRTSS:
+		case ASQRTSD:
+		case ASQRTSS:
+		case ASUBSD:
+		case ASUBSS:
+		case AXORPD:
+			for(z=0; z<BITS; z++) {
+				r->set.b[z] |= bit.b[z];
+				r->use2.b[z] |= bit.b[z];
+			}
+			break;
+
+		/*
+		 * funny
+		 */
+		case ACALL:
+			for(z=0; z<BITS; z++)
+				addrs.b[z] |= bit.b[z];
+			break;
+		}
+
+		switch(p->as) {
+		case AIMULL:
+		case AIMULQ:
+		case AIMULW:
+			if(p->to.type != D_NONE)
+				break;
+
+		case AIDIVB:
+		case AIDIVL:
+		case AIDIVQ:
+		case AIDIVW:
+		case AIMULB:
+		case ADIVB:
+		case ADIVL:
+		case ADIVQ:
+		case ADIVW:
+		case AMULB:
+		case AMULL:
+		case AMULQ:
+		case AMULW:
+
+		case ACWD:
+		case ACDQ:
+		case ACQO:
+			r->regu |= RtoB(D_AX) | RtoB(D_DX);
+			break;
+
+		case AREP:
+		case AREPN:
+		case ALOOP:
+		case ALOOPEQ:
+		case ALOOPNE:
+			r->regu |= RtoB(D_CX);
+			break;
+
+		case AMOVSB:
+		case AMOVSL:
+		case AMOVSQ:
+		case AMOVSW:
+		case ACMPSB:
+		case ACMPSL:
+		case ACMPSQ:
+		case ACMPSW:
+			r->regu |= RtoB(D_SI) | RtoB(D_DI);
+			break;
+
+		case ASTOSB:
+		case ASTOSL:
+		case ASTOSQ:
+		case ASTOSW:
+		case ASCASB:
+		case ASCASL:
+		case ASCASQ:
+		case ASCASW:
+			r->regu |= RtoB(D_AX) | RtoB(D_DI);
+			break;
+
+		case AINSB:
+		case AINSL:
+		case AINSW:
+		case AOUTSB:
+		case AOUTSL:
+		case AOUTSW:
+			r->regu |= RtoB(D_DI) | RtoB(D_DX);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	if(firstr == R)
+		return;
+//dumpit("pass1", firstr);
+
+	/*
+	 * pass 2
+	 * turn branch references to pointers
+	 * build back pointers
+	 */
+	for(r=firstr; r!=R; r=r->link) {
+		p = r->prog;
+		if(p->to.type == D_BRANCH) {
+			if(p->to.branch == P)
+				fatal("pnil %P", p);
+			r1 = p->to.branch->reg;
+			if(r1 == R)
+				fatal("rnil %P", p);
+			if(r1 == r) {
+				fatal("ref to self %P", p);
+				continue;
+			}
+			r->s2 = r1;
+			r->p2link = r1->p2;
+			r1->p2 = r;
+		}
+	}
+//dumpit("pass2", firstr);
+
+	/*
+	 * pass 2.5
+	 * find looping structure
+	 */
+	for(r = firstr; r != R; r = r->link)
+		r->active = 0;
+	change = 0;
+	loopit(firstr, nr);
+//dumpit("pass2.5", firstr);
+
+	/*
+	 * pass 3
+	 * iterate propagating usage
+	 * 	back until flow graph is complete
+	 */
+loop1:
+	change = 0;
+	for(r = firstr; r != R; r = r->link)
+		r->active = 0;
+	for(r = firstr; r != R; r = r->link)
+		if(r->prog->as == ARET)
+			prop(r, zbits, zbits);
+loop11:
+	/* pick up unreachable code */
+	i = 0;
+	for(r = firstr; r != R; r = r1) {
+		r1 = r->link;
+		if(r1 && r1->active && !r->active) {
+			prop(r, zbits, zbits);
+			i = 1;
+		}
+	}
+	if(i)
+		goto loop11;
+	if(change)
+		goto loop1;
+
+//dumpit("pass3", firstr);
+
+	/*
+	 * pass 4
+	 * iterate propagating register/variable synchrony
+	 * 	forward until graph is complete
+	 */
+loop2:
+	change = 0;
+	for(r = firstr; r != R; r = r->link)
+		r->active = 0;
+	synch(firstr, zbits);
+	if(change)
+		goto loop2;
+
+//dumpit("pass4", firstr);
+
+	/*
+	 * pass 5
+	 * isolate regions
+	 * calculate costs (paint1)
+	 */
+	r = firstr;
+	if(r) {
+		for(z=0; z<BITS; z++)
+			bit.b[z] = (r->refahead.b[z] | r->calahead.b[z]) &
+			  ~(externs.b[z] | params.b[z] | addrs.b[z] | consts.b[z]);
+		if(bany(&bit)) {
+			warn("used and not set: %Q", bit);
+			if(debug['R'] && !debug['w'])
+				print("used and not set: %Q\n", bit);
+		}
+	}
+	for(r = firstr; r != R; r = r->link)
+		r->act = zbits;
+	rgp = region;
+	nregion = 0;
+	for(r = firstr; r != R; r = r->link) {
+		for(z=0; z<BITS; z++)
+			bit.b[z] = r->set.b[z] &
+			  ~(r->refahead.b[z] | r->calahead.b[z] | addrs.b[z]);
+		if(bany(&bit)) {
+			warn("set and not used: %Q", bit);
+			if(debug['R'])
+				print("set and not used: %Q\n", bit);
+			excise(r);
+		}
+		for(z=0; z<BITS; z++)
+			bit.b[z] = LOAD(r) & ~(r->act.b[z] | addrs.b[z]);
+		while(bany(&bit)) {
+			i = bnum(bit);
+			rgp->enter = r;
+			rgp->varno = i;
+			change = 0;
+			if(debug['R'] && debug['v'])
+				print("\n");
+			paint1(r, i);
+			bit.b[i/32] &= ~(1L<<(i%32));
+			if(change <= 0) {
+				if(debug['R'])
+					print("%L$%d: %Q\n",
+						r->prog->lineno, change, blsh(i));
+				continue;
+			}
+			rgp->cost = change;
+			nregion++;
+			if(nregion >= NRGN) {
+				fatal("too many regions");
+				goto brk;
+			}
+			rgp++;
+		}
+	}
+brk:
+	qsort(region, nregion, sizeof(region[0]), rcmp);
+
+	/*
+	 * pass 6
+	 * determine used registers (paint2)
+	 * replace code (paint3)
+	 */
+	rgp = region;
+	for(i=0; i<nregion; i++) {
+		bit = blsh(rgp->varno);
+		vreg = paint2(rgp->enter, rgp->varno);
+		vreg = allreg(vreg, rgp);
+		if(rgp->regno != 0)
+			paint3(rgp->enter, rgp->varno, vreg, rgp->regno);
+		rgp++;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * pass 7
+	 * peep-hole on basic block
+	 */
+	if(debug['P']) {
+		peep();
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * eliminate nops
+	 * free aux structures
+	 */
+	for(p=firstp; p!=P; p=p->link) {
+		while(p->link && p->link->as == ANOP)
+			p->link = p->link->link;
+	}
+
+	if(r1 != R) {
+		r1->link = freer;
+		freer = firstr;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * add mov b,rn
+ * just after r
+ */
+void
+addmove(Reg *r, int bn, int rn, int f)
+{
+	Prog *p, *p1;
+	Adr *a;
+	Var *v;
+
+	p1 = mal(sizeof(*p1));
+	clearp(p1);
+	p1->loc = 9999;
+
+	p = r->prog;
+	p1->link = p->link;
+	p->link = p1;
+	p1->lineno = p->lineno;
+
+	v = var + bn;
+
+	a = &p1->to;
+	a->sym = v->sym;
+	a->offset = v->offset;
+	a->etype = v->etype;
+	a->type = v->name;
+
+	// need to chean this up with wptr and
+	// some of the defaults
+	p1->as = AMOVL;
+	switch(v->etype) {
+	default:
+		fatal("unknown type\n");
+	case TINT8:
+	case TUINT8:
+	case TBOOL:
+		p1->as = AMOVB;
+		break;
+	case TINT16:
+	case TUINT16:
+		p1->as = AMOVW;
+		break;
+	case TINT64:
+	case TUINT64:
+	case TUINTPTR:
+	case TPTR64:
+		p1->as = AMOVQ;
+		break;
+	case TFLOAT:
+	case TFLOAT32:
+		p1->as = AMOVSS;
+		break;
+	case TFLOAT64:
+		p1->as = AMOVSS;
+		break;
+	case TINT:
+	case TUINT:
+	case TINT32:
+	case TUINT32:
+	case TPTR32:
+		break;
+	}
+
+	p1->from.type = rn;
+	if(!f) {
+		p1->from = *a;
+		*a = zprog.from;
+		a->type = rn;
+		if(v->etype == TUINT8)
+			p1->as = AMOVB;
+		if(v->etype == TUINT16)
+			p1->as = AMOVW;
+	}
+//	if(debug['R'])
+		print("%P\t.a%P\n", p, p1);
+}
+
+uint32
+doregbits(int r)
+{
+	uint32 b;
+
+	b = 0;
+	if(r >= D_INDIR)
+		r -= D_INDIR;
+	if(r >= D_AX && r <= D_R15)
+		b |= RtoB(r);
+	else
+	if(r >= D_AL && r <= D_R15B)
+		b |= RtoB(r-D_AL+D_AX);
+	else
+	if(r >= D_AH && r <= D_BH)
+		b |= RtoB(r-D_AH+D_AX);
+	else
+	if(r >= D_X0 && r <= D_X0+15)
+		b |= FtoB(r);
+	return b;
+}
+
+Bits
+mkvar(Reg *r, Adr *a)
+{
+	Var *v;
+	int i, t, n, et, z;
+	int32 o;
+	Bits bit;
+	Sym *s;
+
+	/*
+	 * mark registers used
+	 */
+	t = a->type;
+	r->regu |= doregbits(t);
+	r->regu |= doregbits(a->index);
+
+	switch(t) {
+	default:
+		goto none;
+	case D_ADDR:
+		a->type = a->index;
+		bit = mkvar(r, a);
+		for(z=0; z<BITS; z++)
+			addrs.b[z] |= bit.b[z];
+		a->type = t;
+		goto none;
+	case D_EXTERN:
+	case D_STATIC:
+	case D_PARAM:
+	case D_AUTO:
+		n = t;
+		break;
+	}
+	s = a->sym;
+	if(s == S)
+		goto none;
+//	if(s->name[0] == '.')
+//		goto none;
+	et = a->etype;
+	o = a->offset;
+	v = var;
+	for(i=0; i<nvar; i++) {
+		if(s == v->sym)
+		if(n == v->name)
+		if(o == v->offset)
+			goto out;
+		v++;
+	}
+
+	switch(et) {
+	case TFUNC:
+	case TARRAY:
+	case 0:
+		goto none;
+	}
+
+	if(nvar >= NVAR) {
+		if(debug['w'] > 1 && s)
+			fatal("variable not optimized: %s", s->name);
+		goto none;
+	}
+	i = nvar;
+	nvar++;
+	v = &var[i];
+	v->sym = s;
+	v->offset = o;
+	v->name = n;
+	v->etype = et;
+	if(debug['R'])
+		print("bit=%2d et=%2d %D\n", i, et, a);
+
+out:
+	bit = blsh(i);
+	if(n == D_EXTERN || n == D_STATIC)
+		for(z=0; z<BITS; z++)
+			externs.b[z] |= bit.b[z];
+	if(n == D_PARAM)
+		for(z=0; z<BITS; z++)
+			params.b[z] |= bit.b[z];
+	if(v->etype != et) {
+		/* funny punning */
+print("pun %d %d %S\n", v->etype, et, s);
+		for(z=0; z<BITS; z++)
+			addrs.b[z] |= bit.b[z];
+	}
+
+	return bit;
+
+none:
+	return zbits;
+}
+
+void
+prop(Reg *r, Bits ref, Bits cal)
+{
+	Reg *r1, *r2;
+	int z;
+
+	for(r1 = r; r1 != R; r1 = r1->p1) {
+		for(z=0; z<BITS; z++) {
+			ref.b[z] |= r1->refahead.b[z];
+			if(ref.b[z] != r1->refahead.b[z]) {
+				r1->refahead.b[z] = ref.b[z];
+				change++;
+			}
+			cal.b[z] |= r1->calahead.b[z];
+			if(cal.b[z] != r1->calahead.b[z]) {
+				r1->calahead.b[z] = cal.b[z];
+				change++;
+			}
+		}
+		switch(r1->prog->as) {
+		case ACALL:
+			if(noreturn(r1->prog))
+				break;
+			for(z=0; z<BITS; z++) {
+				cal.b[z] |= ref.b[z] | externs.b[z];
+				ref.b[z] = 0;
+			}
+			break;
+
+		case ATEXT:
+			for(z=0; z<BITS; z++) {
+				cal.b[z] = 0;
+				ref.b[z] = 0;
+			}
+			break;
+
+		case ARET:
+			for(z=0; z<BITS; z++) {
+				cal.b[z] = externs.b[z];
+				ref.b[z] = 0;
+			}
+		}
+		for(z=0; z<BITS; z++) {
+			ref.b[z] = (ref.b[z] & ~r1->set.b[z]) |
+				r1->use1.b[z] | r1->use2.b[z];
+			cal.b[z] &= ~(r1->set.b[z] | r1->use1.b[z] | r1->use2.b[z]);
+			r1->refbehind.b[z] = ref.b[z];
+			r1->calbehind.b[z] = cal.b[z];
+		}
+		if(r1->active)
+			break;
+		r1->active = 1;
+	}
+	for(; r != r1; r = r->p1)
+		for(r2 = r->p2; r2 != R; r2 = r2->p2link)
+			prop(r2, r->refbehind, r->calbehind);
+}
+
+/*
+ * find looping structure
+ *
+ * 1) find reverse postordering
+ * 2) find approximate dominators,
+ *	the actual dominators if the flow graph is reducible
+ *	otherwise, dominators plus some other non-dominators.
+ *	See Matthew S. Hecht and Jeffrey D. Ullman,
+ *	"Analysis of a Simple Algorithm for Global Data Flow Problems",
+ *	Conf.  Record of ACM Symp. on Principles of Prog. Langs, Boston, Massachusetts,
+ *	Oct. 1-3, 1973, pp.  207-217.
+ * 3) find all nodes with a predecessor dominated by the current node.
+ *	such a node is a loop head.
+ *	recursively, all preds with a greater rpo number are in the loop
+ */
+int32
+postorder(Reg *r, Reg **rpo2r, int32 n)
+{
+	Reg *r1;
+
+	r->rpo = 1;
+	r1 = r->s1;
+	if(r1 && !r1->rpo)
+		n = postorder(r1, rpo2r, n);
+	r1 = r->s2;
+	if(r1 && !r1->rpo)
+		n = postorder(r1, rpo2r, n);
+	rpo2r[n] = r;
+	n++;
+	return n;
+}
+
+int32
+rpolca(int32 *idom, int32 rpo1, int32 rpo2)
+{
+	int32 t;
+
+	if(rpo1 == -1)
+		return rpo2;
+	while(rpo1 != rpo2){
+		if(rpo1 > rpo2){
+			t = rpo2;
+			rpo2 = rpo1;
+			rpo1 = t;
+		}
+		while(rpo1 < rpo2){
+			t = idom[rpo2];
+			if(t >= rpo2)
+				fatal("bad idom");
+			rpo2 = t;
+		}
+	}
+	return rpo1;
+}
+
+int
+doms(int32 *idom, int32 r, int32 s)
+{
+	while(s > r)
+		s = idom[s];
+	return s == r;
+}
+
+int
+loophead(int32 *idom, Reg *r)
+{
+	int32 src;
+
+	src = r->rpo;
+	if(r->p1 != R && doms(idom, src, r->p1->rpo))
+		return 1;
+	for(r = r->p2; r != R; r = r->p2link)
+		if(doms(idom, src, r->rpo))
+			return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void
+loopmark(Reg **rpo2r, int32 head, Reg *r)
+{
+	if(r->rpo < head || r->active == head)
+		return;
+	r->active = head;
+	r->loop += LOOP;
+	if(r->p1 != R)
+		loopmark(rpo2r, head, r->p1);
+	for(r = r->p2; r != R; r = r->p2link)
+		loopmark(rpo2r, head, r);
+}
+
+void
+loopit(Reg *r, int32 nr)
+{
+	Reg *r1;
+	int32 i, d, me;
+
+	if(nr > maxnr) {
+		rpo2r = mal(nr * sizeof(Reg*));
+		idom = mal(nr * sizeof(int32));
+		maxnr = nr;
+	}
+
+	d = postorder(r, rpo2r, 0);
+	if(d > nr)
+		fatal("too many reg nodes %d %d", d, nr);
+	nr = d;
+	for(i = 0; i < nr / 2; i++) {
+		r1 = rpo2r[i];
+		rpo2r[i] = rpo2r[nr - 1 - i];
+		rpo2r[nr - 1 - i] = r1;
+	}
+	for(i = 0; i < nr; i++)
+		rpo2r[i]->rpo = i;
+
+	idom[0] = 0;
+	for(i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
+		r1 = rpo2r[i];
+		me = r1->rpo;
+		d = -1;
+		if(r1->p1 != R && r1->p1->rpo < me)
+			d = r1->p1->rpo;
+		for(r1 = r1->p2; r1 != nil; r1 = r1->p2link)
+			if(r1->rpo < me)
+				d = rpolca(idom, d, r1->rpo);
+		idom[i] = d;
+	}
+
+	for(i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
+		r1 = rpo2r[i];
+		r1->loop++;
+		if(r1->p2 != R && loophead(idom, r1))
+			loopmark(rpo2r, i, r1);
+	}
+}
+
+void
+synch(Reg *r, Bits dif)
+{
+	Reg *r1;
+	int z;
+
+	for(r1 = r; r1 != R; r1 = r1->s1) {
+		for(z=0; z<BITS; z++) {
+			dif.b[z] = (dif.b[z] &
+				~(~r1->refbehind.b[z] & r1->refahead.b[z])) |
+					r1->set.b[z] | r1->regdiff.b[z];
+			if(dif.b[z] != r1->regdiff.b[z]) {
+				r1->regdiff.b[z] = dif.b[z];
+				change++;
+			}
+		}
+		if(r1->active)
+			break;
+		r1->active = 1;
+		for(z=0; z<BITS; z++)
+			dif.b[z] &= ~(~r1->calbehind.b[z] & r1->calahead.b[z]);
+		if(r1->s2 != R)
+			synch(r1->s2, dif);
+	}
+}
+
+uint32
+allreg(uint32 b, Rgn *r)
+{
+	Var *v;
+	int i;
+
+	v = var + r->varno;
+	r->regno = 0;
+	switch(v->etype) {
+
+	default:
+		fatal("unknown etype %d/%d", bitno(b), v->etype);
+		break;
+
+	case TINT8:
+	case TUINT8:
+	case TINT16:
+	case TUINT16:
+	case TINT32:
+	case TUINT32:
+	case TINT64:
+	case TUINT64:
+	case TINT:
+	case TUINT:
+	case TUINTPTR:
+	case TBOOL:
+	case TPTR32:
+	case TPTR64:
+		i = BtoR(~b);
+		if(i && r->cost > 0) {
+			r->regno = i;
+			return RtoB(i);
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case TFLOAT32:
+	case TFLOAT64:
+	case TFLOAT80:
+	case TFLOAT:
+		i = BtoF(~b);
+		if(i && r->cost > 0) {
+			r->regno = i;
+			return FtoB(i);
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void
+paint1(Reg *r, int bn)
+{
+	Reg *r1;
+	Prog *p;
+	int z;
+	uint32 bb;
+
+	z = bn/32;
+	bb = 1L<<(bn%32);
+	if(r->act.b[z] & bb)
+		return;
+	for(;;) {
+		if(!(r->refbehind.b[z] & bb))
+			break;
+		r1 = r->p1;
+		if(r1 == R)
+			break;
+		if(!(r1->refahead.b[z] & bb))
+			break;
+		if(r1->act.b[z] & bb)
+			break;
+		r = r1;
+	}
+
+	if(LOAD(r) & ~(r->set.b[z]&~(r->use1.b[z]|r->use2.b[z])) & bb) {
+		change -= CLOAD * r->loop;
+		if(debug['R'] && debug['v'])
+			print("%ld%P\tld %Q $%d\n", r->loop,
+				r->prog, blsh(bn), change);
+	}
+	for(;;) {
+		r->act.b[z] |= bb;
+		p = r->prog;
+
+		if(r->use1.b[z] & bb) {
+			change += CREF * r->loop;
+			if(debug['R'] && debug['v'])
+				print("%ld%P\tu1 %Q $%d\n", r->loop,
+					p, blsh(bn), change);
+		}
+
+		if((r->use2.b[z]|r->set.b[z]) & bb) {
+			change += CREF * r->loop;
+			if(debug['R'] && debug['v'])
+				print("%ld%P\tu2 %Q $%d\n", r->loop,
+					p, blsh(bn), change);
+		}
+
+		if(STORE(r) & r->regdiff.b[z] & bb) {
+			change -= CLOAD * r->loop;
+			if(debug['R'] && debug['v'])
+				print("%ld%P\tst %Q $%d\n", r->loop,
+					p, blsh(bn), change);
+		}
+
+		if(r->refbehind.b[z] & bb)
+			for(r1 = r->p2; r1 != R; r1 = r1->p2link)
+				if(r1->refahead.b[z] & bb)
+					paint1(r1, bn);
+
+		if(!(r->refahead.b[z] & bb))
+			break;
+		r1 = r->s2;
+		if(r1 != R)
+			if(r1->refbehind.b[z] & bb)
+				paint1(r1, bn);
+		r = r->s1;
+		if(r == R)
+			break;
+		if(r->act.b[z] & bb)
+			break;
+		if(!(r->refbehind.b[z] & bb))
+			break;
+	}
+}
+
+uint32
+regset(Reg *r, uint32 bb)
+{
+	uint32 b, set;
+	Adr v;
+	int c;
+
+	set = 0;
+	v = zprog.from;
+	while(b = bb & ~(bb-1)) {
+		v.type = b & 0xFFFF? BtoR(b): BtoF(b);
+		if(v.type == 0)
+			fatal("zero v.type for %#lux", b);
+		c = copyu(r->prog, &v, A);
+		if(c == 3)
+			set |= b;
+		bb &= ~b;
+	}
+	return set;
+}
+
+uint32
+reguse(Reg *r, uint32 bb)
+{
+	uint32 b, set;
+	Adr v;
+	int c;
+
+	set = 0;
+	v = zprog.from;
+	while(b = bb & ~(bb-1)) {
+		v.type = b & 0xFFFF? BtoR(b): BtoF(b);
+		c = copyu(r->prog, &v, A);
+		if(c == 1 || c == 2 || c == 4)
+			set |= b;
+		bb &= ~b;
+	}
+	return set;
+}
+
+uint32
+paint2(Reg *r, int bn)
+{
+	Reg *r1;
+	int z;
+	uint32 bb, vreg, x;
+
+	z = bn/32;
+	bb = 1L << (bn%32);
+	vreg = regbits;
+	if(!(r->act.b[z] & bb))
+		return vreg;
+	for(;;) {
+		if(!(r->refbehind.b[z] & bb))
+			break;
+		r1 = r->p1;
+		if(r1 == R)
+			break;
+		if(!(r1->refahead.b[z] & bb))
+			break;
+		if(!(r1->act.b[z] & bb))
+			break;
+		r = r1;
+	}
+	for(;;) {
+		r->act.b[z] &= ~bb;
+
+		vreg |= r->regu;
+
+		if(r->refbehind.b[z] & bb)
+			for(r1 = r->p2; r1 != R; r1 = r1->p2link)
+				if(r1->refahead.b[z] & bb)
+					vreg |= paint2(r1, bn);
+
+		if(!(r->refahead.b[z] & bb))
+			break;
+		r1 = r->s2;
+		if(r1 != R)
+			if(r1->refbehind.b[z] & bb)
+				vreg |= paint2(r1, bn);
+		r = r->s1;
+		if(r == R)
+			break;
+		if(!(r->act.b[z] & bb))
+			break;
+		if(!(r->refbehind.b[z] & bb))
+			break;
+	}
+
+	bb = vreg;
+	for(; r; r=r->s1) {
+		x = r->regu & ~bb;
+		if(x) {
+			vreg |= reguse(r, x);
+			bb |= regset(r, x);
+		}
+	}
+	return vreg;
+}
+
+void
+paint3(Reg *r, int bn, int32 rb, int rn)
+{
+	Reg *r1;
+	Prog *p;
+	int z;
+	uint32 bb;
+
+	z = bn/32;
+	bb = 1L << (bn%32);
+	if(r->act.b[z] & bb)
+		return;
+	for(;;) {
+		if(!(r->refbehind.b[z] & bb))
+			break;
+		r1 = r->p1;
+		if(r1 == R)
+			break;
+		if(!(r1->refahead.b[z] & bb))
+			break;
+		if(r1->act.b[z] & bb)
+			break;
+		r = r1;
+	}
+
+	if(LOAD(r) & ~(r->set.b[z] & ~(r->use1.b[z]|r->use2.b[z])) & bb)
+		addmove(r, bn, rn, 0);
+	for(;;) {
+		r->act.b[z] |= bb;
+		p = r->prog;
+
+		if(r->use1.b[z] & bb) {
+			if(debug['R'])
+				print("%P", p);
+			addreg(&p->from, rn);
+			if(debug['R'])
+				print("\t.c%P\n", p);
+		}
+		if((r->use2.b[z]|r->set.b[z]) & bb) {
+			if(debug['R'])
+				print("%P", p);
+			addreg(&p->to, rn);
+			if(debug['R'])
+				print("\t.c%P\n", p);
+		}
+
+		if(STORE(r) & r->regdiff.b[z] & bb)
+			addmove(r, bn, rn, 1);
+		r->regu |= rb;
+
+		if(r->refbehind.b[z] & bb)
+			for(r1 = r->p2; r1 != R; r1 = r1->p2link)
+				if(r1->refahead.b[z] & bb)
+					paint3(r1, bn, rb, rn);
+
+		if(!(r->refahead.b[z] & bb))
+			break;
+		r1 = r->s2;
+		if(r1 != R)
+			if(r1->refbehind.b[z] & bb)
+				paint3(r1, bn, rb, rn);
+		r = r->s1;
+		if(r == R)
+			break;
+		if(r->act.b[z] & bb)
+			break;
+		if(!(r->refbehind.b[z] & bb))
+			break;
+	}
+}
+
+void
+addreg(Adr *a, int rn)
+{
+
+	a->sym = 0;
+	a->offset = 0;
+	a->type = rn;
+}
+
+int32
+RtoB(int r)
+{
+
+	if(r < D_AX || r > D_R15)
+		return 0;
+	return 1L << (r-D_AX);
+}
+
+int
+BtoR(int32 b)
+{
+
+	b &= 0xffffL;
+	if(b == 0)
+		return 0;
+	return bitno(b) + D_AX;
+}
+
+/*
+ *	bit	reg
+ *	16	X5
+ *	17	X6
+ *	18	X7
+ */
+int32
+FtoB(int f)
+{
+	if(f < FREGMIN || f > FREGEXT)
+		return 0;
+	return 1L << (f - FREGMIN + 16);
+}
+
+int
+BtoF(int32 b)
+{
+
+	b &= 0x70000L;
+	if(b == 0)
+		return 0;
+	return bitno(b) - 16 + FREGMIN;
+}
+
+static void
+dumpit(char *str, Reg *r0)
+{
+	Reg *r, *r1;
+	int z;
+	Bits bit;
+
+	print("\n%s\n", str);
+	for(r = r0; r != R; r = r->link) {
+		print("%ld:%P", r->loop, r->prog);
+		for(z=0; z<BITS; z++)
+			bit.b[z] =
+				r->set.b[z] |
+				r->use1.b[z] |
+				r->use2.b[z] |
+				r->refbehind.b[z] |
+				r->refahead.b[z] |
+				r->calbehind.b[z] |
+				r->calahead.b[z] |
+				r->regdiff.b[z] |
+				r->act.b[z] |
+					0;
+		if(bany(&bit)) {
+			print("\t");
+			if(bany(&r->set))
+				print(" s:%Q", r->set);
+			if(bany(&r->use1))
+				print(" u1:%Q", r->use1);
+			if(bany(&r->use2))
+				print(" u2:%Q", r->use2);
+			if(bany(&r->refbehind))
+				print(" rb:%Q ", r->refbehind);
+			if(bany(&r->refahead))
+				print(" ra:%Q ", r->refahead);
+			if(bany(&r->calbehind))
+				print("cb:%Q ", r->calbehind);
+			if(bany(&r->calahead))
+				print(" ca:%Q ", r->calahead);
+			if(bany(&r->regdiff))
+				print(" d:%Q ", r->regdiff);
+			if(bany(&r->act))
+				print(" a:%Q ", r->act);
+		}
+		print("\n");
+		r1 = r->p2;
+		if(r1 != R) {
+			print("	pred:");
+			for(; r1 != R; r1 = r1->p2link)
+				print(" %.4lud", r1->prog->loc);
+			print("\n");
+		}
+//		r1 = r->s1;
+//		if(r1 != R) {
+//			print("	succ:");
+//			for(; r1 != R; r1 = r1->s1)
+//				print(" %.4lud", r1->prog->loc);
+//			print("\n");
+//		}
+	}
+}
+
+static Sym*	symlist[10];
+
+static int
+noreturn(Prog *p)
+{
+	Sym *s;
+	int i;
+
+	if(symlist[0] == S) {
+		symlist[0] = pkglookup("throwindex", "sys");
+	}
+
+	s = p->to.sym;
+	if(s == S)
+		return 0;
+	for(i=0; symlist[i]!=S; i++)
+		if(s == symlist[i])
+			return 1;
+	return 0;
+}