Create a byte encoding designed for static Go names.

It is intended to be a compact representation of a name
and optional tag data that can be turned into a Go string
without allocating, and describes whether or not it is
exported without unicode table.

The encoding is described in reflect/type.go:

// The first byte is a bit field containing:
//
//	1<<0 the name is exported
//	1<<1 tag data follows the name
//	1<<2 pkgPath *string follow the name and tag
//
// The next two bytes are the data length:
//
//	 l := uint16(data[1])<<8 | uint16(data[2])
//
// Bytes [3:3+l] are the string data.
//
// If tag data follows then bytes 3+l and 3+l+1 are the tag length,
// with the data following.
//
// If the import path follows, then ptrSize bytes at the end of
// the data form a *string. The import path is only set for concrete
// methods that are defined in a different package than their type.

Shrinks binary sizes:

	cmd/go: 164KB (1.6%)
	jujud:  1.0MB (1.5%)

For #6853.

Change-Id: I46b6591015b17936a443c9efb5009de8dfe8b609
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/20968
Run-TryBot: David Crawshaw <crawshaw@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>