Check all associated templates in the set for an existing reference
to the given Tree in AddParseTree before assigning that reference
to a new or existing template. This prevents multiple html/template
Templates from referencing and modifying the same underlying Tree.

While there, fix a few existing unit tests so that they terminate
upon encountering unrecoverable failures.

Fixes #21844

Change-Id: I6b4f6996cf5467113ef94f7b91a6933dbbc21839
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/64770
Run-TryBot: Rob Pike <r@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Rob Pike <r@golang.org>