gentraceback is used in many contexts where write barriers are
disallowed. This currently works because the only write barrier is in
assigning frame.argmap in setArgInfo and in practice frame is always
on the stack, so this write barrier is a no-op.

However, we can easily eliminate this write barrier, which will let us
statically disallow write barriers (using go:nowritebarrierrec
annotations) in many more situations. As a bonus, this makes the code
a little more idiomatic.

Updates #10600.

Change-Id: I45ba5cece83697ff79f8537ee6e43eadf1c18c6d
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/17003
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>