Traceback matches the defer stack with the function call stack using
the SP recorded in defer frames when the defer frame is created.
However, on LR machines this is ambiguous: if function A pushes a
defer and then calls function B, where B is a leaf function with a
zero-sized frame, then both A and B have the same SP and will *both*
match the defer on the defer stack. Since traceback unwinds through B
first, it will incorrectly match up the defer with B's frame instead
of A's frame.

Where this goes particularly wrong is if function B causes a signal
that turns into a panic (e.g., a nil pointer dereference). In order to
handle the fact that we may not have a liveness map at the location
that caused the signal and injected a sigpanic call, traceback has
logic to unwind the panicking frame's continuation PC to the PC where
the most recent defer was pushed (this is safe because the frame is
dead other than any defers it pushed). However, if traceback
mis-matches the defer stack, it winds up reporting the B's
continuation PC is in A. If the runtime then uses this continuation PC
to look up PCDATA in B, it will panic because the PC is out of range
for B. This failure mode can be seen in
sync/atomic/atomic_test.go:TestNilDeref. An example failure is:
https://build.golang.org/log/8e07a762487839252af902355f6b1379dbd463c5

This CL fixes all of this by recognizing that a function that pushes a
defer must also have a non-zero-sized frame and using this fact to
refine the defer matching logic.

Fixes the build for arm64, mips, mipsle, ppc64, ppc64le, and s390x.

Fixes #25499.

Change-Id: Iff7c01d08ad42f3de22b3a73658cc2f674900101
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/114078
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>