This is convenient for direct use of `go tool cgo`. We can also use it
from the go tool to reduce the length of the file names that cgo
generates.

Update #17070.

Change-Id: I8466a0a2cc68a732d17d07319e303497715bac8c
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/32354
Run-TryBot: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>