Implement deadline functionality on Pipe so that it properly implements
the semantics of the Conn interface. This aids usages of Pipe (often in
unit tests) with a more realistic and complete implementation.

The new implementation avoids a dependency on a io.Pipe since it is
impossible to keep the prior semantics of synchronous reads and writes
while also trying to implement cancelation over an io.{Reader,Writer}
that fundamentally has no cancelation support.

The fact that net.Pipe is synchronous (and documented as such)
is unfortunate because no realistic network connection is synchronous.
Instead real networks introduces a read and write buffer of some sort.
However, we do not change the semantics for backwards compatibility.

The approach taken does not leave any long-running goroutines,
meaning that tests that never call Close will not cause a resource leak.

Fixes #18170

Change-Id: I5140b1f289a0a49fb2d485f031b5aa0ee99ecc30
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/37402
Run-TryBot: Joe Tsai <thebrokentoaster@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>