Currently runtime.rwmutex is written to block the calling goroutine
rather than the calling thread. However, rwmutex was intended to be
used in the scheduler, which means it needs to be a thread-level
synchronization primitive.

Hence, this modifies rwmutex to synchronize threads instead of
goroutines. This has the consequence of making it write-barrier-free,
which is also important for using it in the scheduler.

The implementation makes three changes: it replaces the "w" semaphore
with a mutex, since this was all it was being used for anyway; it
replaces "writerSem" with a single pending M that parks on its note;
and it replaces "readerSem" with a list of Ms that park on their notes
plus a pass count that together emulate a counting semaphore. I
model-checked the safety and liveness of this implementation through
>1 billion schedules.

For #20738.

Change-Id: I3cf5a18c266a96a3f38165083812803510217787
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/47071
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>