io/ioutil: change TempFile prefix to a pattern

Users of TempFile need to be able to supply the suffix, especially
when using operating systems that give semantic meaning to the
filename extension such as Windows.  Renaming the file to include
an extension after the fact is insufficient as it could lead to
race conditions.

If the string given to TempFile includes a "*", the random string
replaces the "*". For example "myname.*.bat" will result in a random
filename such as "myname.123456.bat".  If no "*' is included the
old behavior is retained, and the random digits are appended to the
end.

If multiple "*" are included, the final one is replaced, thus
permitting a pathological programmer to create filenames such as
"foo*.123456.bat" but not "foo.123456.*.bat"

Fixes #4896

Change-Id: Iae7f0980b4de6d7d31b87c8c3c3d40767b283c1f
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/105675Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
Run-TryBot: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>

src/io/ioutil/example_test.go

@@ -70,6 +70,24 @@ func ExampleTempFile() {
 	}
 }
 
+func ExampleTempFile_suffix() {
+	content := []byte("temporary file's content")
+	tmpfile, err := ioutil.TempFile("", "example.*.txt")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	defer os.Remove(tmpfile.Name()) // clean up
+
+	if _, err := tmpfile.Write(content); err != nil {
+		tmpfile.Close()
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := tmpfile.Close(); err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+
 func ExampleReadFile() {
 	content, err := ioutil.ReadFile("testdata/hello")
 	if err != nil {

src/io/ioutil/tempfile.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strconv"
+	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
 )
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ func reseed() uint32 {
 	return uint32(time.Now().UnixNano() + int64(os.Getpid()))
 }
 
-func nextSuffix() string {
+func nextRandom() string {
 	randmu.Lock()
 	r := rand
 	if r == 0 {
@@ -35,23 +36,32 @@ func nextSuffix() string {
 	return strconv.Itoa(int(1e9 + r%1e9))[1:]
 }
 
-// TempFile creates a new temporary file in the directory dir
-// with a name beginning with prefix, opens the file for reading
-// and writing, and returns the resulting *os.File.
+// TempFile creates a new temporary file in the directory dir,
+// opens the file for reading and writing, and returns the resulting *os.File.
+// The filename is generated by taking pattern and adding a random
+// string to the end. If pattern includes a "*", the random string
+// replaces the last "*".
 // If dir is the empty string, TempFile uses the default directory
 // for temporary files (see os.TempDir).
 // Multiple programs calling TempFile simultaneously
 // will not choose the same file. The caller can use f.Name()
 // to find the pathname of the file. It is the caller's responsibility
 // to remove the file when no longer needed.
-func TempFile(dir, prefix string) (f *os.File, err error) {
+func TempFile(dir, pattern string) (f *os.File, err error) {
 	if dir == "" {
 		dir = os.TempDir()
 	}
 
+	var prefix, suffix string
+	if pos := strings.LastIndex(pattern, "*"); pos != -1 {
+		prefix, suffix = pattern[:pos], pattern[pos+1:]
+	} else {
+		prefix = pattern
+	}
+
 	nconflict := 0
 	for i := 0; i < 10000; i++ {
-		name := filepath.Join(dir, prefix+nextSuffix())
+		name := filepath.Join(dir, prefix+nextRandom()+suffix)
 		f, err = os.OpenFile(name, os.O_RDWR|os.O_CREATE|os.O_EXCL, 0600)
 		if os.IsExist(err) {
 			if nconflict++; nconflict > 10 {
@@ -80,7 +90,7 @@ func TempDir(dir, prefix string) (name string, err error) {
 
 	nconflict := 0
 	for i := 0; i < 10000; i++ {
-		try := filepath.Join(dir, prefix+nextSuffix())
+		try := filepath.Join(dir, prefix+nextRandom())
 		err = os.Mkdir(try, 0700)
 		if os.IsExist(err) {
 			if nconflict++; nconflict > 10 {

src/io/ioutil/tempfile_test.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"regexp"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"
 )
 
@@ -23,18 +24,26 @@ func TestTempFile(t *testing.T) {
 	if f != nil || err == nil {
 		t.Errorf("TempFile(%q, `foo`) = %v, %v", nonexistentDir, f, err)
 	}
+}
 
-	dir = os.TempDir()
-	f, err = TempFile(dir, "ioutil_test")
-	if f == nil || err != nil {
-		t.Errorf("TempFile(dir, `ioutil_test`) = %v, %v", f, err)
+func TestTempFile_pattern(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct{ pattern, prefix, suffix string }{
+		{"ioutil_test", "ioutil_test", ""},
+		{"ioutil_test*", "ioutil_test", ""},
+		{"ioutil_test*xyz", "ioutil_test", "xyz"},
 	}
-	if f != nil {
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		f, err := TempFile("", test.pattern)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("TempFile(..., %q) error: %v", test.pattern, err)
+			continue
+		}
+		defer os.Remove(f.Name())
+		base := filepath.Base(f.Name())
 		f.Close()
-		os.Remove(f.Name())
-		re := regexp.MustCompile("^" + regexp.QuoteMeta(filepath.Join(dir, "ioutil_test")) + "[0-9]+$")
-		if !re.MatchString(f.Name()) {
-			t.Errorf("TempFile(`"+dir+"`, `ioutil_test`) created bad name %s", f.Name())
+		if !(strings.HasPrefix(base, test.prefix) && strings.HasSuffix(base, test.suffix)) {
+			t.Errorf("TempFile pattern %q created bad name %q; want prefix %q & suffix %q",
+				test.pattern, base, test.prefix, test.suffix)
 		}
 	}
 }