testing: error if -parallel is given N<1

Otherwise, if there are any parallel tests, it will hang and panic with
"all goroutines are asleep - deadlock!".

Do not use flag.Uint to handle the error for us because we also want to
error on N==0, and because it would make setting the default to
GOMAXPROCS(0) more difficult, since it's an int.

Check for it right after flag.Parse, and mimic flag errors by printing
the usage and returning exit code 2.

Fixes #20542.

Change-Id: I0c9d4587f83d406a8f5e42ed74e40be46d639ffb
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/54150
Run-TryBot: Daniel Martí <mvdan@mvdan.cc>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>

src/cmd/go/go_test.go

@@ -4487,3 +4487,14 @@ func TestExecBuildX(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("got %q; want %q", out, "hello")
 	}
 }
+
+func TestParallelNumber(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, n := range [...]string{"-1", "0"} {
+		t.Run(n, func(t *testing.T) {
+			tg := testgo(t)
+			defer tg.cleanup()
+			tg.runFail("test", "-parallel", n, "testdata/standalone_parallel_sub_test.go")
+			tg.grepBoth("-parallel can only be given", "go test -parallel with N<1 did not error")
+		})
+	}
+}

src/testing/testing.go

@@ -913,6 +913,12 @@ func (m *M) Run() int {
 		flag.Parse()
 	}
 
+	if *parallel < 1 {
+		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "testing: -parallel can only be given a positive integer")
+		flag.Usage()
+		return 2
+	}
+
 	if len(*matchList) != 0 {
 		listTests(m.deps.MatchString, m.tests, m.benchmarks, m.examples)
 		return 0