runtime: update SP when jumping stacks in traceback

When gentraceback starts on a system stack in sigprof, it is
configured to jump to the user stack when it reaches the end of the
system stack. Currently this updates the current frame's FP, but not
its SP. This is okay on non-LR machines (x86) because frame.sp is only
used to find defers, which the bottom-most frame of the user stack
will never have.

However, on LR machines, we use frame.sp to find the saved LR. We then
use to resolve the function of the next frame, which is used to
resolved the size of the next frame. Since we're not updating frame.sp
on a stack jump, we read the saved LR from the system stack instead of
the user stack and wind up resolving the wrong function and hence the
wrong frame size for the next frame.

This has had remarkably few ill effects (though the resulting profiles
must be wrong). We noticed it because of a bad interaction with stack
barriers. Specifically, once we get the next frame size wrong, we also
get the location of its LR wrong. If we happen to get a stack slot
that contains a stale stack barrier LR (for a stack barrier we already
hit) and hasn't been overwritten with something else as we re-grew the
stack, gentraceback will fail with a "found next stack barrier at ..."
error, pointing at the slot that it thinks is an LR, but isn't.

Fixes #15138.

Updates #15313 (might fix it).

Change-Id: I13cfa322b44c0c2f23ac2b3d03e12631e4a6406b
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/23291
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Rick Hudson <rlh@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Cherry Zhang <cherryyz@google.com>

src/runtime/traceback.go

@@ -256,6 +256,7 @@ func gentraceback(pc0, sp0, lr0 uintptr, gp *g, skip int, pcbuf *uintptr, max in
 			sp := frame.sp
 			if flags&_TraceJumpStack != 0 && f.entry == systemstackPC && gp == g.m.g0 && gp.m.curg != nil {
 				sp = gp.m.curg.sched.sp
+				frame.sp = sp
 				stkbarG = gp.m.curg
 				stkbar = stkbarG.stkbar[stkbarG.stkbarPos:]
 				cgoCtxt = gp.m.curg.cgoCtxt