cmd/link: process is_stmt data into dwarf line tables

To improve debugging, instructions should be annotated with
DWARF is_stmt.  The DWARF default before was is_stmt=1, and
to remove "jumpy" stepping the optimizer was tagging
instructions with a no-position position, which interferes
with the accuracy of profiling information.  This allows
that to be corrected, and also allows more "jumpy" positions
to be annotated with is_stmt=0 (these changes were not made
for 1.10 because of worries about further messing up
profiling).

The is_stmt values are placed in a pc-encoded table and
passed through a symbol derived from the name of the
function and processed in the linker alongside its
processing of each function's pc/line tables.

The only change in binary size is in the .debug_line tables
measured with "objdump -h --section=.debug_line go1.test"
For go1.test, these are 2614 bytes larger,
or 0.72% of the size of .debug_line,
or 0.025% of the file size.

This will increase in proportion to how much the is_stmt
flag is used (toggled).

Change-Id: Ic1f1aeccff44591ad0494d29e1a0202a3c506a7a
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/93664
Run-TryBot: David Chase <drchase@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Heschi Kreinick <heschi@google.com>

src/cmd/compile/internal/gc/pgen.go

@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ func compileSSA(fn *Node, worker int) {
 	}
 	pp := newProgs(fn, worker)
 	genssa(f, pp)
-	pp.Flush()
+	pp.Flush() // assemble, fill in boilerplate, etc.
 	// fieldtrack must be called after pp.Flush. See issue 20014.
 	fieldtrack(pp.Text.From.Sym, fn.Func.FieldTrack)
 	pp.Free()

src/cmd/compile/internal/ssa/testdata/hist.dlv-dbg.nexts

@@ -96,4 +96,5 @@
 87:			if a == 0 { //gdb-opt=(a,n,t)
 88:				continue
 86:		for i, a := range hist {
+92:			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\n", i, a, n, i*a, t) //gdb-dbg=(n,i,t)
 98:	}

src/cmd/compile/internal/ssa/testdata/hist.dlv-opt.nexts

@@ -97,4 +97,5 @@
 86:		for i, a := range hist {
 92:			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\n", i, a, n, i*a, t) //gdb-dbg=(n,i,t)
 87:			if a == 0 { //gdb-opt=(a,n,t)
+92:			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\n", i, a, n, i*a, t) //gdb-dbg=(n,i,t)
 98:	}

src/cmd/internal/dwarf/dwarf.go

@@ -23,6 +23,9 @@ const LocPrefix = "go.loc."
 // RangePrefix is the prefix for all the symbols containing DWARF range lists.
 const RangePrefix = "go.range."
 
+// IsStmtPrefix is the prefix for all the symbols containing DWARF is_stmt info for the line number table.
+const IsStmtPrefix = "go.isstmt."
+
 // ConstInfoPrefix is the prefix for all symbols containing DWARF info
 // entries that contain constants.
 const ConstInfoPrefix = "go.constinfo."

src/cmd/internal/obj/link.go

@@ -395,6 +395,7 @@ type FuncInfo struct {
 	dwarfLocSym    *LSym
 	dwarfRangesSym *LSym
 	dwarfAbsFnSym  *LSym
+	dwarfIsStmtSym *LSym
 
 	GCArgs   LSym
 	GCLocals LSym

src/cmd/internal/obj/objfile.go

@@ -497,7 +497,7 @@ func (c dwCtxt) Logf(format string, args ...interface{}) {
 	c.Link.Logf(format, args...)
 }
 
-func (ctxt *Link) dwarfSym(s *LSym) (dwarfInfoSym, dwarfLocSym, dwarfRangesSym, dwarfAbsFnSym *LSym) {
+func (ctxt *Link) dwarfSym(s *LSym) (dwarfInfoSym, dwarfLocSym, dwarfRangesSym, dwarfAbsFnSym, dwarfIsStmtSym *LSym) {
 	if s.Type != objabi.STEXT {
 		ctxt.Diag("dwarfSym of non-TEXT %v", s)
 	}
@@ -510,9 +510,10 @@ func (ctxt *Link) dwarfSym(s *LSym) (dwarfInfoSym, dwarfLocSym, dwarfRangesSym,
 		if s.WasInlined() {
 			s.Func.dwarfAbsFnSym = ctxt.DwFixups.AbsFuncDwarfSym(s)
 		}
+		s.Func.dwarfIsStmtSym = ctxt.LookupDerived(s, dwarf.IsStmtPrefix+s.Name)
 
 	}
-	return s.Func.dwarfInfoSym, s.Func.dwarfLocSym, s.Func.dwarfRangesSym, s.Func.dwarfAbsFnSym
+	return s.Func.dwarfInfoSym, s.Func.dwarfLocSym, s.Func.dwarfRangesSym, s.Func.dwarfAbsFnSym, s.Func.dwarfIsStmtSym
 }
 
 func (s *LSym) Len() int64 {
@@ -536,13 +537,14 @@ func (ctxt *Link) fileSymbol(fn *LSym) *LSym {
 // TEXT symbol 's'. The various DWARF symbols must already have been
 // initialized in InitTextSym.
 func (ctxt *Link) populateDWARF(curfn interface{}, s *LSym, myimportpath string) {
-	info, loc, ranges, absfunc := ctxt.dwarfSym(s)
+	info, loc, ranges, absfunc, _ := ctxt.dwarfSym(s)
 	if info.Size != 0 {
 		ctxt.Diag("makeFuncDebugEntry double process %v", s)
 	}
 	var scopes []dwarf.Scope
 	var inlcalls dwarf.InlCalls
 	if ctxt.DebugInfo != nil {
+		stmtData(ctxt, s)
 		scopes, inlcalls = ctxt.DebugInfo(s, curfn)
 	}
 	var err error

src/cmd/internal/obj/pcln.go

@@ -4,7 +4,10 @@
 
 package obj
 
-import "log"
+import (
+	"cmd/internal/src"
+	"log"
+)
 
 func addvarint(d *Pcdata, v uint32) {
 	for ; v >= 0x80; v >>= 7 {
@@ -230,6 +233,25 @@ func pctospadj(ctxt *Link, sym *LSym, oldval int32, p *Prog, phase int32, arg in
 	return oldval + p.Spadj
 }
 
+// pctostmt returns either,
+// if phase==0, then whether the current instruction is a step-target (Dwarf is_stmt)
+// else (phase == 1), zero.
+//
+func pctostmt(ctxt *Link, sym *LSym, oldval int32, p *Prog, phase int32, arg interface{}) int32 {
+	if phase == 1 {
+		return 0 // Ignored; also different from initial value of -1, if that ever matters.
+	}
+	s := p.Pos.IsStmt()
+	if s == src.PosIsStmt {
+		return 1
+	}
+	if s == src.PosNotStmt { // includes NoSrcPos case
+		return 0
+	}
+	// Line numbers in .s files will have no special setting, therefore default to is_stmt=1.
+	return 1
+}
+
 // pctopcdata computes the pcdata value in effect at p.
 // A PCDATA instruction sets the value in effect at future
 // non-PCDATA instructions.
@@ -248,6 +270,13 @@ func pctopcdata(ctxt *Link, sym *LSym, oldval int32, p *Prog, phase int32, arg i
 	return int32(p.To.Offset)
 }
 
+// stmtData writes out pc-linked is_stmt data for eventual use in the DWARF line numbering table.
+func stmtData(ctxt *Link, cursym *LSym) {
+	var pctostmtData Pcdata
+	funcpctab(ctxt, &pctostmtData, cursym, "pctostmt", pctostmt, nil)
+	cursym.Func.dwarfIsStmtSym.P = pctostmtData.P
+}
+
 func linkpcln(ctxt *Link, cursym *LSym) {
 	pcln := &cursym.Func.Pcln
 

src/cmd/internal/obj/plist.go

@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ func (ctxt *Link) InitTextSym(s *LSym, flag int) {
 	ctxt.Text = append(ctxt.Text, s)
 
 	// Set up DWARF entries for s.
-	info, loc, ranges, _ := ctxt.dwarfSym(s)
+	info, loc, ranges, _, isstmt := ctxt.dwarfSym(s)
 	info.Type = objabi.SDWARFINFO
 	info.Set(AttrDuplicateOK, s.DuplicateOK())
 	if loc != nil {
@@ -147,6 +147,9 @@ func (ctxt *Link) InitTextSym(s *LSym, flag int) {
 	ranges.Type = objabi.SDWARFRANGE
 	ranges.Set(AttrDuplicateOK, s.DuplicateOK())
 	ctxt.Data = append(ctxt.Data, info, ranges)
+	isstmt.Type = objabi.SDWARFMISC
+	isstmt.Set(AttrDuplicateOK, s.DuplicateOK())
+	ctxt.Data = append(ctxt.Data, isstmt)
 
 	// Set up the function's gcargs and gclocals.
 	// They will be filled in later if needed.

src/cmd/internal/objabi/symkind.go

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ package objabi
 type SymKind uint8
 
 // Defined SymKind values.
+// These are used to index into cmd/link/internal/sym/AbiSymKindToSymKind
 //
 // TODO(rsc): Give idiomatic Go names.
 //go:generate stringer -type=SymKind
@@ -58,4 +59,7 @@ const (
 	SDWARFINFO
 	SDWARFRANGE
 	SDWARFLOC
+	SDWARFMISC
+	// Update cmd/link/internal/sym/AbiSymKindToSymKind for new SymKind values.
+
 )

src/cmd/link/internal/ld/dwarf.go

@@ -1113,6 +1113,7 @@ func collectAbstractFunctions(ctxt *Link, fn *sym.Symbol, dsym *sym.Symbol, absf
 func writelines(ctxt *Link, lib *sym.Library, textp []*sym.Symbol, ls *sym.Symbol) (dwinfo *dwarf.DWDie, funcs []*sym.Symbol, absfuncs []*sym.Symbol) {
 
 	var dwarfctxt dwarf.Context = dwctxt{ctxt}
+	is_stmt := uint8(1) // initially = recommended default_is_stmt = 1, tracks is_stmt toggles.
 
 	unitstart := int64(-1)
 	headerstart := int64(-1)
@@ -1154,7 +1155,7 @@ func writelines(ctxt *Link, lib *sym.Library, textp []*sym.Symbol, ls *sym.Symbo
 
 	// cpos == unitstart + 4 + 2 + 4
 	ls.AddUint8(1)                // minimum_instruction_length
-	ls.AddUint8(1)                // default_is_stmt
+	ls.AddUint8(is_stmt)          // default_is_stmt
 	ls.AddUint8(LINE_BASE & 0xFF) // line_base
 	ls.AddUint8(LINE_RANGE)       // line_range
 	ls.AddUint8(OPCODE_BASE)      // opcode_base
@@ -1172,7 +1173,7 @@ func writelines(ctxt *Link, lib *sym.Library, textp []*sym.Symbol, ls *sym.Symbo
 	// Create the file table. fileNums maps from global file
 	// indexes (created by numberfile) to CU-local indexes.
 	fileNums := make(map[int]int)
-	for _, s := range textp {
+	for _, s := range textp { // textp has been dead-code-eliminated already.
 		for _, f := range s.FuncInfo.File {
 			if _, ok := fileNums[int(f.Value)]; ok {
 				continue
@@ -1224,27 +1225,25 @@ func writelines(ctxt *Link, lib *sym.Library, textp []*sym.Symbol, ls *sym.Symbo
 
 	var pcfile Pciter
 	var pcline Pciter
-	for _, s := range textp {
+	var pcstmt Pciter
+	for i, s := range textp {
 		dsym := ctxt.Syms.Lookup(dwarf.InfoPrefix+s.Name, int(s.Version))
 		funcs = append(funcs, dsym)
 		absfuncs = collectAbstractFunctions(ctxt, s, dsym, absfuncs)
 
 		finddebugruntimepath(s)
 
+		isStmtsSym := ctxt.Syms.ROLookup(dwarf.IsStmtPrefix+s.Name, int(s.Version))
+		pctostmtData := sym.Pcdata{P: isStmtsSym.P}
+
 		pciterinit(ctxt, &pcfile, &s.FuncInfo.Pcfile)
 		pciterinit(ctxt, &pcline, &s.FuncInfo.Pcline)
-		epc := pc
-		for pcfile.done == 0 && pcline.done == 0 {
-			if epc-s.Value >= int64(pcfile.nextpc) {
-				pciternext(&pcfile)
-				continue
-			}
-
-			if epc-s.Value >= int64(pcline.nextpc) {
-				pciternext(&pcline)
-				continue
-			}
+		pciterinit(ctxt, &pcstmt, &pctostmtData)
 
+		var thispc uint32
+		// TODO this loop looks like it could exit with work remaining.
+		for pcfile.done == 0 && pcline.done == 0 && pcstmt.done == 0 {
+			// Only changed if it advanced
 			if int32(file) != pcfile.value {
 				ls.AddUint8(dwarf.DW_LNS_set_file)
 				idx, ok := fileNums[int(pcfile.value)]
@@ -1255,16 +1254,40 @@ func writelines(ctxt *Link, lib *sym.Library, textp []*sym.Symbol, ls *sym.Symbo
 				file = int(pcfile.value)
 			}
 
-			putpclcdelta(ctxt, dwarfctxt, ls, uint64(s.Value+int64(pcline.pc)-pc), int64(pcline.value)-int64(line))
+			// Only changed if it advanced
+			if is_stmt != uint8(pcstmt.value) {
+				is_stmt = uint8(pcstmt.value)
+				ls.AddUint8(uint8(dwarf.DW_LNS_negate_stmt))
+			}
+
+			// putpcldelta makes a row in the DWARF matrix, always, even if line is unchanged.
+			putpclcdelta(ctxt, dwarfctxt, ls, uint64(s.Value+int64(thispc)-pc), int64(pcline.value)-int64(line))
 
-			pc = s.Value + int64(pcline.pc)
+			pc = s.Value + int64(thispc)
 			line = int(pcline.value)
-			if pcfile.nextpc < pcline.nextpc {
-				epc = int64(pcfile.nextpc)
-			} else {
-				epc = int64(pcline.nextpc)
+
+			// Take the minimum step forward for the three iterators
+			thispc = pcfile.nextpc
+			if pcline.nextpc < thispc {
+				thispc = pcline.nextpc
+			}
+			if pcstmt.nextpc < thispc {
+				thispc = pcstmt.nextpc
+			}
+
+			if pcfile.nextpc == thispc {
+				pciternext(&pcfile)
+			}
+			if pcstmt.nextpc == thispc {
+				pciternext(&pcstmt)
 			}
-			epc += s.Value
+			if pcline.nextpc == thispc {
+				pciternext(&pcline)
+			}
+		}
+		if is_stmt == 0 && i < len(textp)-1 {
+			// If there is more than one function, ensure default value is established.
+			ls.AddUint8(uint8(dwarf.DW_LNS_negate_stmt))
 		}
 	}
 

src/cmd/link/internal/sym/symkind.go

@@ -101,10 +101,13 @@ const (
 	SCONST
 	SDYNIMPORT
 	SHOSTOBJ
+
+	// Sections for debugging information
 	SDWARFSECT
 	SDWARFINFO
 	SDWARFRANGE
 	SDWARFLOC
+	SDWARFMISC // Not really a section; informs/affects other DWARF section generation
 )
 
 // AbiSymKindToSymKind maps values read from object files (which are
@@ -121,6 +124,7 @@ var AbiSymKindToSymKind = [...]SymKind{
 	SDWARFINFO,
 	SDWARFRANGE,
 	SDWARFLOC,
+	SDWARFMISC,
 }
 
 // ReadOnly are the symbol kinds that form read-only sections. In some