Also update range of Phase and Polar due to signed zero.
[Phase(cmplx(-1, +0)) = pi and Phase(cmplx(-1, -0)) = -pi]

R=rsc, r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1235041

R=adg
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1228041

Fixes #779.

R=r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1218042

- also added links to the respective sections
- reformatted section for better (source html) readability
- added missing closing </li>'s in many places

R=r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1220041

R=rsc, r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1195041

R=r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1207041

R=r, iant
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1195042

Fixes #775.

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1180042

R=r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1186041

Fixes #773.

R=adg
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1120042

Timings (as for change 1122043) go from 49ms to 48ms ish. It's
mostly lost in the noise, but it probably doesn't hurt.

R=r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1179041

To draw.Draw a 32x32 image.Alpha 10000 times,
Before: 633ms with 10000 mallocs
After: 49ms with 0 mallocs

These times are just blitting an image.Alpha, and do not include
rasterizing a glyph's vector contours to an image.Alpha.

The "generic" test case in draw_test.go tests this fast path.

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1122043

methods when looking up names.
Fixes #764.

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1170041

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1173041

- removed last argument (n) from all core arithmetic routines;
  instead, use the length of the result

- simplified nat.make implementation and chose a better capacity
  for new values, removed a TODO in the process

Changing the constant e from 1 (old) to 4 (new) improved
pidigits -s -n 10000 by ~9% (on a 3.06GHz Intel Core 2 Duo):

user	0m3.882s (old)
user	0m3.549s (new)

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1133043

- pass []Word instead of *Word to core arithmetic functions
- remove dead code

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1154042

R=rsc, iant, r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1171041

NewDeflater -> NewWriter
NewInflater -> NewReader
Deflater -> Compressor
Inflater -> Decompressor

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1166041

returned to caller.

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1164041

values are encoded for transmission.

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1146041

This permits cgo callbacks to work when run in init code.
Otherwise cgocallback switches to the wrong stack address.

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1123043

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1139042

- no need to make copies in cases of aliases
- removed deprecated internal shift functions
- minor unrelated simplifications

This change improves pidigits -s -n10000 by almost 20%:

user 0m6.156s (old)
user 0m4.999s (new)

(pidigits -s -n20000 goes from ~25s to ~19s)

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1149041

R=r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1148041

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1140041

fix a bug in the handling of indirect maps.

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1132042

R=ken2
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1138041

R=rsc, cw, nigeltao_golang
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1134041

Because maps are mostly a hidden type, they must be
implemented using reflection values and will not be as
efficient as arrays and slices.

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1127041

R=golang-dev
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1121041

R=r, bradfitzpatrick
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1118041

R=golang-dev, gri
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1072041

R=golang-dev, gri
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1113041

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1112041

R=r, rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1094043

specification of runtime exceptions for
make and division by zero

R=r, rsc, ken2, iant
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1081041

external variable assignements.

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1094041

- renamed Len -> BitLen, simplified implementation
- renamed old Div, Mod, DivMod -> Que, Rem, QuoRem
- implemented Div, Mod, DivMod (Euclidian definition, more
  useful in a mathematical context)
- fixed a bug in Exp (-0 was possible)
- added extra tests to check normalized results everywhere
- uniformly set Int.neg flag at the end of computations
- minor cosmetic cleanups
- ran all tests

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1091041

Fixes #692.

R=ken2
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1092041

OLD fasta -n 25000000
	gcc -O2 fasta.c	7.59u 0.06s 7.74r
	gc fasta	9.54u 0.15s 9.84r
	gc_B fasta	9.48u 0.10s 9.62r

NEW fasta -n 25000000
	gcc -O2 fasta.c	2.59u 0.02s 2.66r
	gc fasta	3.00u 0.03s 3.09r
	gc_B fasta	2.72u 0.03s 2.81r

R=r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/1054041