Fixes #1104.

R=golang-dev, mattn, r
CC=Joe Poirier, golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/3051041

(+ some cosmetic changes)

R=iant, iant2
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/3076041

As discussed earlier.

R=gri
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/3025042

    Cleaner, but also results in a 25%+ performance improvement for Get()/SetValue() on my machine.

R=golang-dev, r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/3072041

R=rob
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/3075041

The need for a LastIndexAny function has come up in the discussion
for https://golang.org/cl/3008041/. This function is
implemented analogously to lastIndexFunc, using functions from
the utf8 package.

R=r, rsc, PeterGo
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/3057041

R=ken2
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/3074041

elliptic implements several standard elliptic curves over prime fields.

R=r, r2
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/3065041

Added a "return" to the end of an example which previously threw a compile error if used.

R=golang-dev, gri
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/3052041

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/3053041

R=r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/3048041

R=r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/3042041

        * Add support for certificate policy identifiers
        * Fix the version number of generated certificates
        * Fix the parsing of version numbers
        * Fix the case of multiple name entries (it should have been a list of
          tagged values, not a tagged list of values).

R=r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/3044041

R=r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/3016043

R=golang-dev, r2
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/3003043

R=r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/3026041

R=r, r2
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/3024041

R=gri
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/2986042

R=gri
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/3022041

When searching a list of directories, the files which match
the pattern are accumulated in a slice.  If the glob has a
wildcard for the directory, and the wildcard matches a file
rather than a directory, then the files found so far are
discarded.  E.g., path.Glob("*/x") in a directory which
contains both files and subdirectories.  This patch avoids
discarding matches found so far when a file is found.

R=r
CC=bsiegert, golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/3015042

R=r, r2
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/2997041

[it was a carry over from the previous iteration]

R=r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/3016041

division. resolves issue 1261.

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/2985043

This is in preparation for a different position representation.
It also resolves situations where a node would be printed as
it's node position simply because the embedded token.Position
has a String method.

R=r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/2991041

R=gri
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/2970042

When it is known that there is already at least one element in the
list, it is awkwardly verbose to use three lines and an extra
variable declaration to remove the first or last item (a common
case), rather than use a simple expression.

a stack:
	stk.PushFront(x)
	x = stk.Front().Remove().(T)

vs.
	stk.PushFront(x)
	e := stk.Front()
	e.Remove()
	x = e.Value.(T)
[An alternative CL might be to add PopFront and PopBack methods].

R=gri
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/3000041

R=rsc, gri
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/2985041

Performance on 2.8 GHz Intel Core i7:

Before:
BenchmarkIndexByte4K  1000000              2997 ns/op        1366.70 MB/s
BenchmarkIndexByte4M      500           3049772 ns/op        1375.28 MB/s
BenchmarkIndexByte64M      50          49582280 ns/op        1353.48 MB/s

After:
BenchmarkIndexByte4K 10000000               298 ns/op       13744.97 MB/s
BenchmarkIndexByte4M    10000            285993 ns/op       14665.76 MB/s
BenchmarkIndexByte64M     500           4618172 ns/op       14531.48 MB/s

R=rsc, PeterGo, r2, r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/2888041

Fixes #1260.

R=gri
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/2994041

R=r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/2993041

Fixes #1253.

R=gri
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/2990041

Fixes #1258.

R=gri, msolo, bradfitzpatrick, r2
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/2988041

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/2733042

R=adg, r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/2984041

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/2932041

type Benchmark has been renamed to InternalBenchmark

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/2942042

R=r, r2
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/2938041

R=r, r2
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/2937041

Truncate and Ftruncate for 32-bit Linux should use 64-bit
offset system calls.

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev, royger
https://golang.org/cl/2943041

(this works now that issue 751 is resolved)

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/2834041