Before this change, the check for too-large arrays (and other large
types) occurred after escape analysis.  If the data moved off stack
and onto the heap contained any pointers, it would therefore escape,
but because the too-large check occurred after escape analysis this
would not be recorded and a stack pointer would leak to the heap
(see the modified escape_array.go for an example).

Some of these appear to remain, in calls to typecheck from within walk.

Also corrected a few comments in escape_array.go about "BAD"
analysis that is now done correctly.

Enhanced to move aditional EscNone-but-large-so-heap checks into esc.c.

Change-Id: I770c111baff28a9ed5f8beb601cf09dacc561b83
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10268Reviewed-by: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>

Indirect function and method calls should leak everything,
but they didn't.

This fix had no particular effect on the cost of running the
compiler on html/template/*.go and added a single new "escape"
to the standard library:

    syscall/syscall_unix.go:85: &b[0] escapes to heap
in
	if errno := m.munmap(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&b[0])),
	                     uintptr(len(b))); errno != nil {

Added specific escape testing to escape_calls.go
(and verified that it fails without this patch)

I also did a little code cleanup around the changes in esc.c.

Fixes #10925

Change-Id: I9984b701621ad4c49caed35b01e359295c210033
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10295Reviewed-by: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>

Was apparently checked in by https://go-review.googlesource.com/#/c/9253/
without being gofmt-ed.

TBR: agl

Change-Id: I4d011dbaa15b7c5e73ca71f724f32951a0302dae
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10353Reviewed-by: Robert Griesemer <gri@golang.org>

On Haswell I measure anywhere between 2X to 3.5X speedup for RSA.
I believe other architectures will also greatly improve.
In the future may be upgraded by dedicated assembly routine.

Built-in benchmarks i5-4278U turbo off:

benchmark                         old ns/op     new ns/op     delta
BenchmarkRSA2048Decrypt           6696649       3073769       -54.10%
Benchmark3PrimeRSA2048Decrypt     4472340       1669080       -62.68%

Change-Id: I17df84f85e34208f990665f9f90ea671695b2add
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/9253Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Adam Langley <agl@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Vlad Krasnov <vlad@cloudflare.com>
Run-TryBot: Adam Langley <agl@golang.org>

Given a call frame F of size N where the return values start at offset R,
callwritebarrier was instructing heapBitsBulkBarrier to scan the block
of memory [F+R, F+R+N). It should only scan [F+R, F+N). The extra N-R
bytes scanned might lead into the next allocated block in memory.
Because the scan was consulting the heap bitmap for type information,
scanning into the next block normally "just worked" in the sense of
not crashing.

Scanning the extra N-R bytes of memory is a problem mainly because
it causes the GC to consider pointers that might otherwise not be
considered, leading it to retain objects that should actually be freed.
This is very difficult to detect.

Luckily, juju turned up a case where the heap bitmap and the memory
were out of sync for the block immediately after the call frame, so that
heapBitsBulkBarrier saw an obvious non-pointer where it expected a
pointer, causing a loud crash.

Why is there a non-pointer in memory that the heap bitmap records as
a pointer? That is more difficult to answer. At least one way that it
could happen is that allocations containing no pointers at all do not
update the heap bitmap. So if heapBitsBulkBarrier walked out of the
current object and into a no-pointer object and consulted those bitmap
bits, it would be misled. This doesn't happen in general because all
the paths to heapBitsBulkBarrier first check for the no-pointer case.
This may or may not be what happened, but it's the only scenario
I've been able to construct.

I tried for quite a while to write a simple test for this and could not.
It does fix the juju crash, and it is clearly an improvement over the
old code.

Fixes #10844.

Change-Id: I53982c93ef23ef93155c4086bbd95a4c4fdaac9a
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10317Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>

Currently adjustpointers invokes a write barrier for every stack slot
it updates. This is safe---the write barrier always does nothing
because the new value is never a heap pointer---but it's unnecessary
overhead in performance and complexity.

Fix this by rewriting adjustpointers to work with *uintptrs instead of
*unsafe.Pointers. As an added bonus, this makes the code cleaner.

name                   old mean              new mean              delta
BinaryTree17            3.35s × (0.98,1.01)   3.33s × (0.99,1.02)    ~    (p=0.095 n=20+19)
Fannkuch11              2.49s × (1.00,1.01)   2.52s × (0.99,1.01)  +1.23% (p=0.000 n=19+20)
FmtFprintfEmpty        52.2ns × (0.99,1.02)  52.2ns × (0.99,1.02)    ~    (p=0.766 n=19+19)
FmtFprintfString        181ns × (0.99,1.02)   179ns × (0.99,1.01)  -1.06% (p=0.000 n=20+19)
FmtFprintfInt           177ns × (0.99,1.01)   173ns × (0.99,1.02)  -2.26% (p=0.000 n=17+20)
FmtFprintfIntInt        300ns × (0.99,1.01)   302ns × (0.99,1.01)  +0.76% (p=0.000 n=19+20)
FmtFprintfPrefixedInt   253ns × (0.99,1.02)   256ns × (0.99,1.01)  +0.96% (p=0.000 n=20+19)
FmtFprintfFloat         334ns × (0.99,1.02)   334ns × (1.00,1.01)    ~    (p=0.243 n=20+19)
FmtManyArgs            1.16µs × (0.99,1.01)  1.17µs × (0.99,1.02)  +0.88% (p=0.000 n=20+20)
GobDecode              9.16ms × (0.99,1.02)  9.18ms × (1.00,1.00)  +0.21% (p=0.048 n=20+17)
GobEncode              7.03ms × (0.99,1.01)  7.05ms × (0.99,1.01)    ~    (p=0.091 n=19+19)
Gzip                    374ms × (0.99,1.01)   372ms × (0.99,1.02)  -0.50% (p=0.008 n=18+20)
Gunzip                 92.9ms × (0.99,1.01)  92.5ms × (1.00,1.01)  -0.47% (p=0.002 n=19+19)
HTTPClientServer       53.1µs × (0.98,1.01)  52.5µs × (0.99,1.01)  -0.98% (p=0.000 n=20+19)
JSONEncode             17.4ms × (0.99,1.02)  17.5ms × (0.99,1.01)    ~    (p=0.061 n=19+20)
JSONDecode             66.0ms × (0.99,1.02)  64.7ms × (0.99,1.01)  -1.87% (p=0.000 n=20+20)
Mandelbrot200          3.94ms × (1.00,1.01)  3.95ms × (1.00,1.01)    ~    (p=0.799 n=18+19)
GoParse                3.89ms × (0.99,1.02)  3.86ms × (0.99,1.01)  -0.70% (p=0.016 n=20+19)
RegexpMatchEasy0_32     102ns × (0.99,1.02)   102ns × (1.00,1.01)    ~    (p=0.557 n=20+18)
RegexpMatchEasy0_1K     353ns × (0.99,1.02)   341ns × (0.99,1.01)  -3.38% (p=0.000 n=20+20)
RegexpMatchEasy1_32    85.0ns × (0.99,1.02)  85.0ns × (0.99,1.01)    ~    (p=0.851 n=19+20)
RegexpMatchEasy1_1K     521ns × (0.99,1.02)   506ns × (1.00,1.01)  -2.85% (p=0.000 n=20+18)
RegexpMatchMedium_32    142ns × (0.99,1.02)   141ns × (1.00,1.01)  -1.17% (p=0.000 n=20+19)
RegexpMatchMedium_1K   42.8µs × (0.99,1.01)  42.3µs × (0.99,1.01)  -1.07% (p=0.000 n=20+19)
RegexpMatchHard_32     2.17µs × (0.99,1.01)  2.16µs × (1.00,1.01)  -0.51% (p=0.042 n=20+18)
RegexpMatchHard_1K     65.6µs × (0.99,1.01)  64.8µs × (1.00,1.00)  -1.21% (p=0.000 n=20+17)
Revcomp                 581ms × (0.99,1.04)   536ms × (1.00,1.01)  -7.71% (p=0.000 n=20+18)
Template               77.2ms × (0.99,1.01)  76.8ms × (0.99,1.01)    ~    (p=0.426 n=20+18)
TimeParse               369ns × (0.99,1.02)   371ns × (1.00,1.01)    ~    (p=0.117 n=20+19)
TimeFormat              371ns × (0.99,1.02)   391ns × (0.99,1.01)  +5.33% (p=0.000 n=20+19)

Change-Id: I5b952ba577ac4365c8c87db837c5804a1e30b7be
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10293Reviewed-by: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>

F3t was effectively a local variable.
Remove it.

This shrinks obj.Prog from 456 to 448 bytes,
which places it in a smaller malloc class.

This reduces the memory usage of the compiler
while compiling the rotate tests by ~2.75%.

Change-Id: I31cc9dd67269851a430b56bcc7d255c9349eb522
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10255Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>

Without this, they install to $GOROOT/bin.

Change-Id: Iae4b8f59c8392f6abd841490e56922738089f8d4
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10297Reviewed-by: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>

This CL removes the remaining visible uses of the "architecture letter" concept.
(They are no longer in tool names nor in source directory names.)

Because the architecture letter concept is now gone, delete GOCHAR
from "go env" output, and change go/build.ArchChar to return an
error always.

The architecture letter is still used in the compiler and linker sources
as a clumsy architecture enumeration, but that use is not visible to
Go users and can be cleaned up separately.

Change-Id: I4d97a38f372003fb610c9c5241bea440d9dbeb8d
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10289Reviewed-by: Rob Pike <r@golang.org>

This CL fixes the build to use the newly created go tool compile
and go tool link in place of go tool 5g, go tool 5l, and so on.

See golang-dev thread titled "go tool compile, etc" for background.

Although it was not a primary motivation, this conversion does
reduce the wall clock time and cpu time required for make.bash
by about 10%.

Change-Id: I79cbbdb676cab029db8aeefb99a53178ff55f98d
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10288Reviewed-by: Rob Pike <r@golang.org>

Trivial merging of 5g, 6g, ... into go tool compile,
and similarlly 5l, 6l, ... into go tool link.
The files compile/main.go and link/main.go are new.
Everything else in those directories is a move followed by
change of imports and package name.

This CL breaks the build. Manual fixups are in the next CL.

See golang-dev thread titled "go tool compile, etc" for background.

Change-Id: Id35ff5a5859ad9037c61275d637b1bd51df6828b
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10287Reviewed-by: Dave Cheney <dave@cheney.net>
Reviewed-by: Rob Pike <r@golang.org>

In preparation for making the current linker cmd/link.
If cmd/newlink is ever completed, it can be moved back.

See golang-dev thread titled "go tool compile, etc" for background.

Change-Id: I4029580f470038240c5181a37ea4202ba971f9ef
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10286Reviewed-by: Rob Pike <r@golang.org>

Fixes #8973

Change-Id: I746fae430db6d8f9ebd33586b8cffcb31d688cc8
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10284
Run-TryBot: Minux Ma <minux@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>

During development we ran with monitoring code turned
on by default. This CL turns the work buffer monitoring
off. Performance change on most go1 benchmarks is small
or insignificant.

name                   old mean              new mean              delta
BinaryTree17            3.35s × (0.99,1.01)   3.35s × (0.99,1.01)    ~    (p=0.841 n=5+5)
Fannkuch11              2.59s × (1.00,1.01)   2.55s × (1.00,1.00)  -1.65% (p=0.008 n=5+5)
FmtFprintfEmpty        52.5ns × (0.99,1.02)  53.2ns × (0.98,1.01)    ~    (p=0.063 n=5+5)
FmtFprintfString        181ns × (1.00,1.00)   180ns × (1.00,1.00)  -0.55% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
FmtFprintfInt           176ns × (1.00,1.01)   174ns × (1.00,1.00)  -0.91% (p=0.000 n=5+4)
FmtFprintfIntInt        298ns × (1.00,1.00)   299ns × (1.00,1.00)    ~    (p=0.143 n=4+4)
FmtFprintfPrefixedInt   250ns × (1.00,1.01)   246ns × (1.00,1.00)  -1.68% (p=0.000 n=5+4)
FmtFprintfFloat         340ns × (1.00,1.00)   340ns × (1.00,1.01)    ~    (p=0.643 n=5+5)
FmtManyArgs            1.16µs × (1.00,1.00)  1.15µs × (1.00,1.00)  -0.47% (p=0.016 n=5+5)
GobDecode              9.22ms × (1.00,1.00)  9.23ms × (1.00,1.00)    ~    (p=0.841 n=5+5)
GobEncode              7.00ms × (1.00,1.01)  7.09ms × (0.99,1.01)  +1.26% (p=0.016 n=5+5)
Gzip                    387ms × (1.00,1.00)   389ms × (0.99,1.02)    ~    (p=1.000 n=5+5)
Gunzip                 97.8ms × (1.00,1.00)  98.3ms × (1.00,1.00)  +0.51% (p=0.016 n=5+4)
HTTPClientServer       52.6µs × (1.00,1.01)  52.7µs × (1.00,1.01)    ~    (p=1.000 n=5+5)
JSONEncode             18.0ms × (0.99,1.02)  17.9ms × (1.00,1.00)    ~    (p=0.310 n=5+5)
JSONDecode             64.8ms × (0.99,1.02)  63.6ms × (1.00,1.00)  -1.94% (p=0.008 n=5+5)
Mandelbrot200          4.05ms × (1.00,1.00)  4.05ms × (1.00,1.00)    ~    (p=0.421 n=5+5)
GoParse                3.86ms × (1.00,1.01)  3.84ms × (0.99,1.01)    ~    (p=0.421 n=5+5)
RegexpMatchEasy0_32     101ns × (1.00,1.00)   102ns × (0.99,1.02)    ~    (p=0.238 n=4+5)
RegexpMatchEasy0_1K     346ns × (1.00,1.01)   345ns × (1.00,1.00)    ~    (p=0.333 n=5+4)
RegexpMatchEasy1_32    87.3ns × (0.99,1.02)  87.4ns × (1.00,1.00)    ~    (p=0.190 n=5+4)
RegexpMatchEasy1_1K     520ns × (1.00,1.00)   520ns × (1.00,1.01)    ~    (p=1.000 n=4+5)
RegexpMatchMedium_32    143ns × (1.00,1.00)   142ns × (1.00,1.00)  -0.70% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
RegexpMatchMedium_1K   43.2µs × (1.00,1.01)  43.2µs × (1.00,1.00)    ~    (p=0.841 n=5+5)
RegexpMatchHard_32     2.24µs × (1.00,1.01)  2.23µs × (1.00,1.01)  -0.63% (p=0.048 n=5+5)
RegexpMatchHard_1K     68.7µs × (1.00,1.00)  68.3µs × (1.00,1.00)  -0.56% (p=0.008 n=5+5)
Revcomp                 577ms × (1.00,1.01)   579ms × (1.00,1.00)    ~    (p=0.151 n=5+5)
Template               74.9ms × (1.00,1.00)  76.5ms × (1.00,1.00)  +2.11% (p=0.008 n=5+5)
TimeParse               359ns × (1.00,1.00)   362ns × (1.00,1.00)  +0.72% (p=0.008 n=5+5)
TimeFormat              369ns × (1.00,1.00)   371ns × (1.00,1.01)    ~    (p=0.071 n=5+5)

Change-Id: I4206a3f77a3d1450966b7a62ea7597aec44cb72f
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10294Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>

Currently runtime.callers invokes gentraceback with the pc and sp of
the G it is called from, but always passes g0 even if it was called
from a regular g. Right now this has no ill effects because
runtime.callers does not use either callback argument or the
_TraceJumpStack flag, but it makes the code fragile and will break
some upcoming changes.

Fix this by lifting the getg() call outside of the systemstack in
runtime.callers.

Change-Id: I4e1e927961c0e0cd4dcf28693be47df7bae9e122
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10292Reviewed-by: Daniel Morsing <daniel.morsing@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Rick Hudson <rlh@golang.org>

Fixes #10908.

Change-Id: I5ac4bd90204bc230610dcced47ce5b2253e5a004
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10250Reviewed-by: Rob Pike <r@golang.org>

Also mentions golang.org/x/net/ipv4 and golang.org/x/net/ipv6.

Change-Id: I653deac7a5e2b129237655a72d6c91207f1b1685
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/9779Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>

Formerly it would return a BadExpr.

This prevents partial syntax from being discarded, and makes the error
recovery logic more consistent with other places where an identifier
was expected but not found.

+ test

Change-Id: I223c0c0589e7ceb7207ae951b8f71b9275a1eb73
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10269Reviewed-by: Robert Griesemer <gri@golang.org>

An error in string slice offsets caused the loop to run forever if the
first character in the argument was a period.

Fixes #10833.

Change-Id: Iefb6aac5cff8864fe93d08e2600cb07d82c6f6df
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10285Reviewed-by: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>

This is dead code. If you want to quiesce the system the
preferred way is to use forEachP(func(*p){}).

Change-Id: Ic7677a5dd55e3639b99e78ddeb2c71dd1dd091fa
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10267Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>

Makes little difference internally but makes go list output more useful.

Change-Id: I1fa1f839107de08818427382b2aef8dc4d765b36
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10192Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
Run-TryBot: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>

On Windows, we need to make sure that the node under test has external
connectivity.

Fixes #10795.

Change-Id: I99f2336180c7b56474fa90a4a6cdd5a6c4dd3805
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10006Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>

Fixes #10891.

Change-Id: Ie432c9c5520ac29cea8fe6452628ec467567eea5
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10194Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>

This reverts commit 8b83306c.

Change-Id: I3fb998bdf11eceef13e3997e336d86e7c5d47a60
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10254Reviewed-by: Minux Ma <minux@golang.org>

On my systems, ld -rpath sets DT_RUNPATH instead of DT_RPATH.

Change-Id: I5047e795fb7ef9336f5fa13ba24bb6245c0b0582
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10260Reviewed-by: Michael Hudson-Doyle <michael.hudson@canonical.com>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>

386 is not affected because it doesn't use ginscmp.

Fixes #10843.

Change-Id: I1b3a133bd1e5fabc85236f15d060dbaa4c391cf3
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10116Reviewed-by: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>

In css, js, and html, the replacement operations are implemented
by iterating on strings (rune by rune). The for/range
statement is used. The length of the rune is required
and added to the index to properly slice the string.

This is potentially wrong because there is a discrepancy between
the result of utf8.RuneLen and the increment of the index
(set by the for/range statement). For invalid strings,
utf8.RuneLen('\ufffd') == 3, while the index is incremented
only by 1 byte.

htmlReplacer triggers a panic at slicing time for some
invalid strings.

Use a more robust iteration mechanism based on
utf8.DecodeRuneInString, and make sure the same
pattern is used for all similar functions in this
package.

Fixes #10799

Change-Id: Ibad3857b2819435d9fa564f06fc2ca8774102841
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10105Reviewed-by: Rob Pike <r@golang.org>

Change-Id: Ib6c121414c74f8a40eb87a52af8737502ce7216d
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10265Reviewed-by: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>

Commit 9c9e36b3 pushed these errors down to where the write barriers
are actually emitted, but forgot to remove the original error that was
being pushed down.

Change-Id: I751752a896e78fb9e63d69f88e7fb8d1ff5d344c
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10264Reviewed-by: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>

The existing implementation executes `gofmt` binary from PATH
environment variable on invocation `go fmt` command.
Relying on PATH might lead to confusions for users with several Go installations.
It's more appropriate to run `gofmt` from GOBIN (if defined) or GOROOT.

Fixes #10755

Change-Id: I56d42a747319c766f2911508fab3994c3a366d12
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/9900Reviewed-by: Rob Pike <r@golang.org>

Fixes #8973

Change-Id: Idd53fc6d9e6971ae31ed72a3df3cfdce0bfbc1fd
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/8661Reviewed-by: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>
Run-TryBot: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>

Change-Id: I348223d0336e28d95b8e68d7653aa547acc7c9c3
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10262Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>

Fixes #8745.

Change-Id: Id0641e3c0f259812b41ed871e83c68740feb2b19
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10261Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>

Prior to this CL whenever the GC marking was enabled and
a P was looking for work we supplied a G to help
the GC do its marking tasks. Once this G finished all
the marking available it would release the P to find another
available G. In the case where there was no work the P would drop
into findrunnable which would execute the mark helper G which would
immediately return and the P would drop into findrunnable again repeating
the process. Since the P was always given a G to run it never blocks.
This CL first checks if the GC mark helper G has available work and if
not the P immediately falls through to its blocking logic.

Fixes #10901

Change-Id: I94ac9646866ba64b7892af358888bc9950de23b5
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10189Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>

Currently setGCPercent sets heapminimum to heapminimum*GOGC/100. The
real intent is to set heapminimum to a scaled multiple of a fixed
default heap minimum, not to scale heapminimum based on its current
value. This turns out to be okay because setGCPercent is only called
once and heapminimum is initially set to this default heap minimum.
However, the code as written is confusing, especially since
setGCPercent is otherwise written so it could be called again to
change GOGC. Fix this by introducing a defaultHeapMinimum constant and
using this instead of the current value of heapminimum to compute the
scaled heap minimum.

As part of this, this commit improves the documentation on
heapminimum.

Change-Id: I4eb82c73dc2eb44a6e5a17c780a747a2e73d7493
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10181Reviewed-by: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>

Addresses a problem reported on the mailing list.

This will come up mainly in programs custom allocators that batch allocations,
but it still helps in our programs, which mainly do not have such allocations.

name                   old mean              new mean              delta
BinaryTree17            5.95s × (0.97,1.03)   5.93s × (0.97,1.04)    ~    (p=0.613)
Fannkuch11              4.46s × (0.98,1.04)   4.33s × (0.99,1.01)  -2.93% (p=0.000)
FmtFprintfEmpty        86.6ns × (0.98,1.03)  86.8ns × (0.98,1.02)    ~    (p=0.523)
FmtFprintfString        290ns × (0.98,1.05)   287ns × (0.98,1.03)    ~    (p=0.061)
FmtFprintfInt           271ns × (0.98,1.04)   286ns × (0.99,1.01)  +5.54% (p=0.000)
FmtFprintfIntInt        495ns × (0.98,1.04)   489ns × (0.99,1.01)  -1.24% (p=0.015)
FmtFprintfPrefixedInt   391ns × (0.99,1.02)   407ns × (0.99,1.01)  +4.00% (p=0.000)
FmtFprintfFloat         578ns × (0.99,1.01)   559ns × (0.99,1.01)  -3.35% (p=0.000)
FmtManyArgs            1.96µs × (0.98,1.05)  1.94µs × (0.99,1.01)  -1.33% (p=0.030)
GobDecode              15.9ms × (0.97,1.05)  15.7ms × (0.99,1.01)  -1.35% (p=0.044)
GobEncode              11.4ms × (0.97,1.05)  11.3ms × (0.98,1.03)    ~    (p=0.141)
Gzip                    658ms × (0.98,1.05)   648ms × (0.99,1.01)  -1.59% (p=0.009)
Gunzip                  144ms × (0.99,1.03)   144ms × (0.99,1.01)    ~    (p=0.867)
HTTPClientServer       92.1µs × (0.97,1.05)  90.3µs × (0.99,1.01)  -1.89% (p=0.005)
JSONEncode             31.0ms × (0.96,1.07)  30.2ms × (0.98,1.03)  -2.66% (p=0.001)
JSONDecode              110ms × (0.97,1.04)   107ms × (0.99,1.01)  -2.59% (p=0.000)
Mandelbrot200          6.15ms × (0.98,1.04)  6.07ms × (0.99,1.02)  -1.32% (p=0.045)
GoParse                6.79ms × (0.97,1.04)  6.74ms × (0.97,1.04)    ~    (p=0.242)
RegexpMatchEasy0_32     158ns × (0.98,1.05)   155ns × (0.99,1.01)  -1.64% (p=0.010)
RegexpMatchEasy0_1K     548ns × (0.97,1.04)   540ns × (0.99,1.01)  -1.34% (p=0.042)
RegexpMatchEasy1_32     133ns × (0.97,1.04)   132ns × (0.97,1.05)    ~    (p=0.466)
RegexpMatchEasy1_1K     899ns × (0.96,1.05)   878ns × (0.99,1.01)  -2.32% (p=0.002)
RegexpMatchMedium_32    250ns × (0.96,1.03)   243ns × (0.99,1.01)  -2.90% (p=0.000)
RegexpMatchMedium_1K   73.4µs × (0.98,1.04)  73.0µs × (0.98,1.04)    ~    (p=0.411)
RegexpMatchHard_32     3.87µs × (0.97,1.07)  3.84µs × (0.98,1.04)    ~    (p=0.273)
RegexpMatchHard_1K      120µs × (0.97,1.08)   117µs × (0.99,1.01)  -2.06% (p=0.010)
Revcomp                 940ms × (0.96,1.07)   924ms × (0.97,1.07)    ~    (p=0.071)
Template                128ms × (0.96,1.05)   128ms × (0.99,1.01)    ~    (p=0.502)
TimeParse               632ns × (0.96,1.07)   616ns × (0.99,1.01)  -2.58% (p=0.001)
TimeFormat              671ns × (0.97,1.06)   657ns × (0.99,1.02)  -2.10% (p=0.002)

In contrast to the one in test/bench/go1 (above), the binarytree program on the
shootout site uses more goroutines, batches allocations, and sets GOMAXPROCS
to runtime.NumCPU()*2.

Using that version, before vs after:

name          old mean             new mean             delta
BinaryTree20  18.6s × (0.96,1.05)  11.3s × (0.98,1.02)  -39.46% (p=0.000)

And Go 1.4 vs after:

name          old mean             new mean             delta
BinaryTree20  13.0s × (0.97,1.02)  11.3s × (0.98,1.02)  -13.21% (p=0.000)

There is still a scheduling problem - the raw run times are hiding the fact that
this chews up 2x the CPU - but we'll take care of that separately.

Change-Id: I3f5da879b24ae73a0d06745381ffb88c3744948b
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10220Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>

Fixes #10897.

Change-Id: I5c2d1f9d26333e2b2a0613ebf496daa465e07c24
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10221Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>

Fixes #10906.

Change-Id: I7ae25a500df493c1e78183d69d89b3e2a64a0d1a
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10223Reviewed-by: Andrew Gerrand <adg@golang.org>

I think "the flag" was a typo, and the word "after" was repetitive.

Change-Id: I81c034ca11a3a778ff1eb4b3af5b96bc525ab985
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10195Reviewed-by: Rob Pike <r@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Gerrand <adg@golang.org>

Rearrange Node fields to enable better struct packing.
This reduces readability in favor of shrinking
the size of Nodes.

This reduces the size of Node from 328 to 312.
This reduces the memory usage to compile the
rotate tests by about 4.4%.

No functional changes. Passes toolstash -cmp.

Updates #9933.

Change-Id: I2764c5847fb1635ddc898e2ee385d007d67f03c5
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10141Reviewed-by: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>