Add AlgKind enum type to represent AFOO values.

Add IsComparable, IsRegularMemory, IncomparableField helper methods to
codify common higher-level idioms.

Passes toolstash -cmp.

Change-Id: I54c544953997a8ccc72396b3058897edcbbea392
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/21420
Run-TryBot: Matthew Dempsky <mdempsky@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>