The linker was incorrectly decoding type name lengths, causing
typelinks to be sorted out of order and in cases where the name was
the exact right length, linker panics.

Added a test to the reflect package that causes TestTypelinksSorted
to fail before this CL. It's not the exact failure seen in #15448
but it has the same cause: decodetype_name calculating the wrong
length.

The equivalent decoders in reflect/type.go and runtime/type.go
have the parenthesis in the right place.

Fixes #15448

Change-Id: I33257633d812b7d2091393cb9d6cc8a73e0138c8
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/22403Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
Run-TryBot: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>