Currently, write barriers are only enabled after completion of the
concurrent scan phase, as we enter the concurrent mark phase. However,
stack barriers are installed during the scan phase and assume that
write barriers will track changes to frames above the stack
barriers. Since write barriers aren't enabled until after stack
barriers are installed, we may miss modifications to the stack that
happen after installing the stack barriers and before enabling write
barriers.

Fix this by enabling write barriers during the scan phase.

This commit intentionally makes the minimal change to do this (there's
only one line of code change; the rest are comment changes). At the
very least, we should consider eliminating the ragged barrier that's
intended to synchronize the enabling of write barriers, but now just
wastes time. I've included a large comment about extensions and
alternative designs.

Change-Id: Ib20fede794e4fcb91ddf36f99bd97344d7f96421
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/10795Reviewed-by: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>