The check for Stringer etc. can only fire if the test is not a builtin, so avoid
the expensive check if we know there's no chance.
Also put in a fast path for pad, which saves a more modest amount.

benchmark                      old ns/op    new ns/op    delta
BenchmarkSprintfEmpty                148          152   +2.70%
BenchmarkSprintfString               585          497  -15.04%
BenchmarkSprintfInt                  441          396  -10.20%
BenchmarkSprintfIntInt               718          603  -16.02%
BenchmarkSprintfPrefixedInt          676          621   -8.14%
BenchmarkSprintfFloat               1003          953   -4.99%
BenchmarkManyArgs                   2945         2312  -21.49%
BenchmarkScanInts                1704152      1734441   +1.78%
BenchmarkScanRecursiveInt        1837397      1828920   -0.46%

R=golang-dev, bradfitz
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/6245068