The operation where this manifested in a crash was % (only defined on integers).
However, the existing code was sloppy in that it didn't retain the integer form
after a value (e.g., 3.0) was accepted as representable in integer form (3 for
the example). We would have seen a crash in such cases for / as well except
that there was code to fix it for just that case.

Remove the special code for / and fix more generally by retaining the integer
form for all operations if applicable.

Fixes #14229.

Change-Id: I8bef769e6299839fade27c6e8b5ff29ad6521d0d
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/19300Reviewed-by: Alan Donovan <adonovan@google.com>