In the situation where a quoted field is necessary, avoid processing
each UTF-8 rune one-by-one, which causes mangling of invalid sequences
into utf8.RuneError, causing a loss of information.
Instead, search only for the escaped characters, handle those specially
and copy everything else in between verbatim.

This symmetrically matches the behavior of Reader.

Fixes #24298

Change-Id: I9276f64891084ce8487678f663fad711b4095dbb
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/99297
Run-TryBot: Joe Tsai <thebrokentoaster@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>