Update rewrite algorithm by coping code from
go/internal/work/buildid:updateBuildID.

Probably, this is not the best option. We could provide high-level API
in cmd/internal/buildid in the future.

Fixes #23181

Change-Id: I336a7c50426ab39bc9998b55c372af61a4fb21a7
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/84735Reviewed-by: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>